英语六级综合改错题解题策略
[
07/10/29 17:15 | by admin ]
07/10/29 17:15 | by admin ]
综合改错题是大学英语六级考试中一个重要的题型，它要求考生在 15 分钟内找出在一篇 200—250 词的短文内的 10 处错误（每行不超过一处错误，但不包括拼写或标点的错误），并根据上下文，在错误的地方增、删、改正、替换某一个词或词组，使短文语意连贯，结构正确。
综合改错题的难度较大，它主要测试考生的英语综合理解与表达能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的语言基础知识（如词汇、语法等），而且要求考生有较强的语篇理解能力与表达能力，以及利用上下文进行逻辑推理的能力。
综合改错题是六级考试中独有的题型，其他题型在四级考试中都出现过，大多数学生已掌握了一定的解题技巧，可谓 “ 熟门熟路 ” ，而综合改错题的解题技巧则有待摸索、掌握；同时综合改错题的内容比较广泛，无论是语法、词汇、篇章理解、逻辑判断等都可能成为改错的对象；与完形填空及词汇题相比，后者有明确的目标与给定的选项，而改错题右边虽有标志行，却仍需考生去捕捉错误，并纠正过来，给出正确的形式，这些都为综合改错题增加了难度。
总体而言，综合改错题的命题内容有如下三大方面：（ 1 ）词汇用法（ 2 ）篇章理解（ 3 ）语法知识。以下摘录历年六级考试综合改错题中出现的有关词汇用法和篇章理解方面的错误进行具体地分析。
一、词汇用法错误
1 ．固定搭配错误：主要是一些常用介词短语、动词短语、形容词短语的误用，另外，一些固定句型中词汇的搭配也容易出错。对付此类错误的方法是大量记忆，熟悉这些固定的搭配。
例 1 ：．．． about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 75 题）
at 应改为 in ， in the country 为固定介词短语搭配。
例 2 ：．．．， but such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients ．（ 1993 年 6 月第 75 题）
in 应改为 on ， dependent on 为固定的形容词短语搭配。
例 3 ： However ， a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good m anners ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 73 题）
as 应改为 than ， more ．．． than ．．．为固定句型搭配，表示 “ 与其说 …… 不如说 ……” 。
2 ．单词的混用：这种错误是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与正确的单词相似的单词。
例 1 ： Between sunrise and sunset ， streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars ， buses and trucks ．（ 1995 年 6 月第 73 题）
原文讲述噪音污染，所以，此处的 voice 应改为 noise 。
例 2 ： Im mediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked ， to him ， very much as a napkin ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 78 题）
此处 as 应改为 like ， as 与 like 都可作介词用，表示 “ 像 …… 一样 ” 时，应用 like ，而 as 表示 “ 作为 ……” 。
二、篇章理解错误
1 ．语意的颠倒：这类错误多指在语意表达上用了相反的词，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前如先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系将裨益无穷。
例： If he was present because of sickness ， there was often no job for him when he returned ．（ 1994 年 1 月第 76 题）
显然，将 present 改为 absent 才合乎逻辑。
2 ．指代关系的错误：这类错误主要指由于人称代词、物主代词及指示代词的误用，导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的杀手锏。
例 1 ： A break in their employment ， or a decision to work part time ， will slow its raises and promotions ．（ 1996 年 1 月第 75 题）
从原文看，此处指妇女涨工资、被提升的速度会大大地减缓。所以， its 应改为 their （妇女的）。
例 2 ：．．．， he finds it pleasing he is influ-encing people ： they are drawn to them ．（ 1995 年 1 月第 78 题）
从文中看， them 应改为 him ，指人们为他所吸引。
3 ．连接词与关系词的错误：这类错误主要出现在定语从句与状语从句中，正确地分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能选择合适的连接词与关系词。
例 1 ： It appears that we all find company in sound ， if we all demand a little quiet from time to time ．
原文讲述噪音污染，从上下文看，前后两句之间应为转折关系，而非条件关系，所以，连词 if 应改为 but 或 though 。
例 2 ： Instead ， this other person told us a story ， it he said was quite well known ．．．
后半句显然是一个非限制性定语从句修饰 story ，所以，应将 it 改为关系词 which 。
一般而言，做综合改错题可遵循以下步骤：速读，把握主旨 看标志行，找词汇错误 找语法错误 分析逻辑，推理错误的可能性 重读全文，检查复核文字是否正确、合理。
总之，要想从根本上提高做综合改错题的能力，考生就要打好扎实的英语基础，有丰富的词汇用法、固定搭配及句式结构知识等。同时，在平日英语学习的过程中，要多多阅读，培养英语的语感，提高语篇理解能力，增强自己辨错、纠错的能力。
综合改错题的难度较大，它主要测试考生的英语综合理解与表达能力。它不但要求考生有扎实的语言基础知识（如词汇、语法等），而且要求考生有较强的语篇理解能力与表达能力，以及利用上下文进行逻辑推理的能力。
综合改错题是六级考试中独有的题型，其他题型在四级考试中都出现过，大多数学生已掌握了一定的解题技巧，可谓 “ 熟门熟路 ” ，而综合改错题的解题技巧则有待摸索、掌握；同时综合改错题的内容比较广泛，无论是语法、词汇、篇章理解、逻辑判断等都可能成为改错的对象；与完形填空及词汇题相比，后者有明确的目标与给定的选项，而改错题右边虽有标志行，却仍需考生去捕捉错误，并纠正过来，给出正确的形式，这些都为综合改错题增加了难度。
总体而言，综合改错题的命题内容有如下三大方面：（ 1 ）词汇用法（ 2 ）篇章理解（ 3 ）语法知识。以下摘录历年六级考试综合改错题中出现的有关词汇用法和篇章理解方面的错误进行具体地分析。
一、词汇用法错误
1 ．固定搭配错误：主要是一些常用介词短语、动词短语、形容词短语的误用，另外，一些固定句型中词汇的搭配也容易出错。对付此类错误的方法是大量记忆，熟悉这些固定的搭配。
例 1 ：．．． about an American who had been invited to an Arab meal at one of the countries of the Middle East ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 75 题）
at 应改为 in ， in the country 为固定介词短语搭配。
例 2 ：．．．， but such reasons are totally dependent in the balance of risks and benefits for the patients ．（ 1993 年 6 月第 75 题）
in 应改为 on ， dependent on 为固定的形容词短语搭配。
例 3 ： However ， a second person thought that this was more a question of civilized behavior as good m anners ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 73 题）
as 应改为 than ， more ．．． than ．．．为固定句型搭配，表示 “ 与其说 …… 不如说 ……” 。
2 ．单词的混用：这种错误是指误用了某个在形式或意义上与正确的单词相似的单词。
例 1 ： Between sunrise and sunset ， streets and highways are a constant source of voice from cars ， buses and trucks ．（ 1995 年 6 月第 73 题）
原文讲述噪音污染，所以，此处的 voice 应改为 noise 。
例 2 ： Im mediately before him was a very flat piece of bread that looked ， to him ， very much as a napkin ．（ 2000 年 6 月第 78 题）
此处 as 应改为 like ， as 与 like 都可作介词用，表示 “ 像 …… 一样 ” 时，应用 like ，而 as 表示 “ 作为 ……” 。
二、篇章理解错误
1 ．语意的颠倒：这类错误多指在语意表达上用了相反的词，造成上下文逻辑推理上的自相矛盾。做题前如先阅读全文，领会上下文承接关系与语意关系将裨益无穷。
例： If he was present because of sickness ， there was often no job for him when he returned ．（ 1994 年 1 月第 76 题）
显然，将 present 改为 absent 才合乎逻辑。
2 ．指代关系的错误：这类错误主要指由于人称代词、物主代词及指示代词的误用，导致指示不清、逻辑混乱，甚至前后矛盾。细心推敲和全局观念是破解此类错误的杀手锏。
例 1 ： A break in their employment ， or a decision to work part time ， will slow its raises and promotions ．（ 1996 年 1 月第 75 题）
从原文看，此处指妇女涨工资、被提升的速度会大大地减缓。所以， its 应改为 their （妇女的）。
例 2 ：．．．， he finds it pleasing he is influ-encing people ： they are drawn to them ．（ 1995 年 1 月第 78 题）
从文中看， them 应改为 him ，指人们为他所吸引。
3 ．连接词与关系词的错误：这类错误主要出现在定语从句与状语从句中，正确地分析句与句之间的逻辑关系，才能选择合适的连接词与关系词。
例 1 ： It appears that we all find company in sound ， if we all demand a little quiet from time to time ．
原文讲述噪音污染，从上下文看，前后两句之间应为转折关系，而非条件关系，所以，连词 if 应改为 but 或 though 。
例 2 ： Instead ， this other person told us a story ， it he said was quite well known ．．．
后半句显然是一个非限制性定语从句修饰 story ，所以，应将 it 改为关系词 which 。
一般而言，做综合改错题可遵循以下步骤：速读，把握主旨 看标志行，找词汇错误 找语法错误 分析逻辑，推理错误的可能性 重读全文，检查复核文字是否正确、合理。
总之，要想从根本上提高做综合改错题的能力，考生就要打好扎实的英语基础，有丰富的词汇用法、固定搭配及句式结构知识等。同时，在平日英语学习的过程中，要多多阅读，培养英语的语感，提高语篇理解能力，增强自己辨错、纠错的能力。
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（六）
[ 07/10/25 15:06 | by admin ]
07/10/25 15:06 | by admin ]
本期重点：逻辑错误
1、逻辑反义词。即短文中的错误单词和上下文的逻辑关系不符，恰巧是正确答案的反义词，例如将buy说成sell，easy说成hard等；还有就是按上下文的语义，句中多用或少用了not或no。这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语意的基础上才能发现并改正。
2. 连接词错误。指短文中前后两句话或者两段落间的连接词未能正确地体现前后文之间的逻辑关系。常见的有并列连词but, and, for, or的混淆和误用；主从连词because, as, if, although, before, after等的混淆和误用；连接性副词however, moreover, therefore等的混淆和误用； 连接性介词because of, despite, besides, instead of等的混淆和误用。
考点例析：
例1：In the 1950s, the
introduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened the
trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed
to be imported to poor countries. S6._____ （2001.6）
解析： import意为“进口，输入”，export意为“出口，输出”。根据本句大意，进出口的对象为发达国家生 产的抗菌素，显然只能“出口”到贫困国家。此外，根据介词也可以判断，import常与from搭配， export常与to搭配。故应该将imported改为exported。
例2：In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the
child’s acquisition of each new skill --- the first spoken words,
the first dependent steps, and the beginning of writing or reading. ________
解析：根据上文的意思，应该是“每个家长都很渴望自己孩子能学到新的本领---第一次说话，独自走的第一步，写或读的开始”。破折号后面是举例说明skill。Dependent意为“依靠的依赖的”，既然是新的本领，那也就应该是“独自走的第一步”，故将deoendent改为independent。
例3：As income goes up, people may not want more food to eat or
more clothes to wear. Therefore they may want more and better 1.______
care from doctors, detists and hospitals. They are likely to travel
more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs 2.______
are available in these jobs.
【解析】
1. 前一句话的大意是“当人们收入增加时（物质条件得到了改善），人们不需要更多吃的和穿的”。后一句所表达的是人们希望得到更多医疗条件上的改善。经此分析，可知两句话的关系应为转折关系，故将Therefore改为But。
2. 上一句说“他们可能会去旅游和想得到更多的教育”。根据下文“越来越多这样的工作都能找到”。由此可判断这两句之间应该是因果关系，故将Nevertheless改为Therefore或Thus。
1、逻辑反义词。即短文中的错误单词和上下文的逻辑关系不符，恰巧是正确答案的反义词，例如将buy说成sell，easy说成hard等；还有就是按上下文的语义，句中多用或少用了not或no。这类错误必须在透彻理解上下文语意的基础上才能发现并改正。
2. 连接词错误。指短文中前后两句话或者两段落间的连接词未能正确地体现前后文之间的逻辑关系。常见的有并列连词but, and, for, or的混淆和误用；主从连词because, as, if, although, before, after等的混淆和误用；连接性副词however, moreover, therefore等的混淆和误用； 连接性介词because of, despite, besides, instead of等的混淆和误用。
考点例析：
例1：In the 1950s, the
introduction of antibiotics (抗菌素) strengthened the
trend in rich countries, and the antibiotics were allowed
to be imported to poor countries. S6._____ （2001.6）
解析： import意为“进口，输入”，export意为“出口，输出”。根据本句大意，进出口的对象为发达国家生 产的抗菌素，显然只能“出口”到贫困国家。此外，根据介词也可以判断，import常与from搭配， export常与to搭配。故应该将imported改为exported。
例2：In bringing up children, every parent watches eagerly the
child’s acquisition of each new skill --- the first spoken words,
the first dependent steps, and the beginning of writing or reading. ________
解析：根据上文的意思，应该是“每个家长都很渴望自己孩子能学到新的本领---第一次说话，独自走的第一步，写或读的开始”。破折号后面是举例说明skill。Dependent意为“依靠的依赖的”，既然是新的本领，那也就应该是“独自走的第一步”，故将deoendent改为independent。
例3：As income goes up, people may not want more food to eat or
more clothes to wear. Therefore they may want more and better 1.______
care from doctors, detists and hospitals. They are likely to travel
more and to want more education. Nevertheless, many more jobs 2.______
are available in these jobs.
【解析】
1. 前一句话的大意是“当人们收入增加时（物质条件得到了改善），人们不需要更多吃的和穿的”。后一句所表达的是人们希望得到更多医疗条件上的改善。经此分析，可知两句话的关系应为转折关系，故将Therefore改为But。
2. 上一句说“他们可能会去旅游和想得到更多的教育”。根据下文“越来越多这样的工作都能找到”。由此可判断这两句之间应该是因果关系，故将Nevertheless改为Therefore或Thus。
英语六级考试短文改错的考点剖析
[ 07/10/15 11:13 | by admin ]
07/10/15 11:13 | by admin ]
近来对简单的看了一下改错题型,改错是从2000年之后才开始流行的,也可能代表着一种命题的趋势,根据2000年到目前所考过的真题,改错的主要有以下具体的错误:
1.介词搭配方面的错误,一共考过6次,分别是:land on\by the way\in one of the country\as和like的用法\in quiet a while和for quiet a while的用法\look up at和look back at等
2.主谓一致的错误,总共考过6次,其中占了大多数的是让你把was改成were,或者相反的做法.
3.非谓语动词,共考过三次,如:filling改成filled,viewing改成viewed,consider改成considering.
4.连接词的错误,共出现过3次,这里就不一一列举.
5.关于句子结构方面的错误,考过两次,如:2002年6月的S4:this is new改成what is new
6.语篇理解的错误,这是历年真题中出现的最多的,在同一年的试卷同一个文章中就会连续考好几题,比如2001年6月的真题中就出现了三次,分别是74、76和79题，这是大家在考试时要特别注意的。
7.紧居其次的是关于固定短语的错误，这要靠平时的积累，比如真题中考过的固定搭配有：keep sth。constant、so as to等等。
8.另外真题中还出现过时态的错误、代词、定语从句错误。
9.最后，发现六级真题中考过一次序数词的错误和依次冠词的错误，分别出现在2001年6月的真题中，大家可以去看看。
信息来源：新浪网
1.介词搭配方面的错误,一共考过6次,分别是:land on\by the way\in one of the country\as和like的用法\in quiet a while和for quiet a while的用法\look up at和look back at等
2.主谓一致的错误,总共考过6次,其中占了大多数的是让你把was改成were,或者相反的做法.
3.非谓语动词,共考过三次,如:filling改成filled,viewing改成viewed,consider改成considering.
4.连接词的错误,共出现过3次,这里就不一一列举.
5.关于句子结构方面的错误,考过两次,如:2002年6月的S4:this is new改成what is new
6.语篇理解的错误,这是历年真题中出现的最多的,在同一年的试卷同一个文章中就会连续考好几题,比如2001年6月的真题中就出现了三次,分别是74、76和79题，这是大家在考试时要特别注意的。
7.紧居其次的是关于固定短语的错误，这要靠平时的积累，比如真题中考过的固定搭配有：keep sth。constant、so as to等等。
8.另外真题中还出现过时态的错误、代词、定语从句错误。
9.最后，发现六级真题中考过一次序数词的错误和依次冠词的错误，分别出现在2001年6月的真题中，大家可以去看看。
信息来源：新浪网
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（五）
[ 07/10/06 12:46 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:46 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
总结前三期。
分别是 1.逻辑表达错误
2.介词使用错误
3.代词使用错误
3种错误类型 共30个错误。希望对大家对改错的提高有帮助。
1.逻辑表达错误
1 This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you
wouldn’t think so if you could hear what average
man thinks of the average woman. Women won
their independence years ago. Before a long, bitter 1.__________
struggle, they now enjoy the different educational 2.__________
opportunities as men in most parts of the world.
2 People are earning higher wages and salaries.
This leads to the changes in the way of life. As income
goes down, people may not want more food to eat or 3.__________
more clothes to wear. But may want more and
better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals.
They are likely to travel more and want more
education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available 4.__________
in these services.
3 A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one can 5.__________
read books only in translation.
4 If he was present because of sickness, there was 6.__________
often no job for him when he returned.
5 Under this pressure their whole way of life, even
if their bodies, became radically changed. 7.__________
6 Science in itself is harmless, more or less.
But as soon as it can provide technology, it
is not necessarily harmful. 8.__________
7 Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this 9.__________
immensely long formative period of hunting for
food, they became farmers.
8 Can we be so bold as to suggest that we may be
able to colonize other planet within the not-too- 10.__________
distant future?
2.介词使用错误
1 The year 1728 saw friction among the coffee-house 1.__________
keepers and the publishers of newspapers.
2 The traditional nuclear family came into being a
couple of hundred years ago with the result of social 2.__________
pressure during the shift from feudalism to industrialism.
3 Most part-time workers are women, and most part-time
women choose this work because that their domestic 3.__________
responsibility.
4 Quality defines the difference in tone color between
a note played by different instruments or sung by 4.__________
different voices.
5 English, which when the Anglo-Saxons first conquered
England at the fifth and sixth centuries was almost a 5.__________
“pure” or “unmixed” language.
6 Gram soon wrote to Watson and Crick, introducing
him and presenting the first fruits of his thoughts about 6.__________
the coding problem.
7 Man a million years ago was a little more than an
animal; but early man had several advantages to the 7.__________
animals in that he had a large brain and an upright body.
8 Despite of the great difficulties they had, they 8.__________
continued the work without any complaint.
9 We are fully aware of that something must be 9.__________
done to put an end to this situation.
10 We are the same opinion that he is fit for this position. 10.__________
3.代词使用错误
1 We must find out the customs of other races, so that
it will not think us ill-mannered. 1.__________
2 But the people all over the world agree that being
well-mannered really means being kind. Please
remember this, and then he will not go very far. 2.__________
3 Scientist are discovering that sea water can be
very valuable. It has been suggested that their 3.__________
currents can be used to make electricity.
4 While technology makes this possible for four 4.__________
even six billion of us to exist, it also eliminates
our job opportunities.
5 Traditionally, work determines our way of life.
But if 98 percent of us don’t need to work, what
are we going to do with oneself? 5.__________
6 A break in their employment, or a decision to
work part-time, will slow its raises and promotions 6.__________
as it would for men.
7 The conscience of the nation is appeased, while
the population continues to puff their way 7.__________
to smoke, cancerous death.
8 There are many such differences and we shall take
up only that involving language, omitting those that do not. 8.__________
9 A wise and experienced administrator will assign
a job to whomever is best qualified. 9.__________
10 unconsciously, we copy these we are close to or 10.__________
love or admire.
【第二页】短文改错练习
总结前三期。
分别是 1.逻辑表达错误
2.介词使用错误
3.代词使用错误
3种错误类型 共30个错误。希望对大家对改错的提高有帮助。
1.逻辑表达错误
1 This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you
wouldn’t think so if you could hear what average
man thinks of the average woman. Women won
their independence years ago. Before a long, bitter 1.__________
struggle, they now enjoy the different educational 2.__________
opportunities as men in most parts of the world.
2 People are earning higher wages and salaries.
This leads to the changes in the way of life. As income
goes down, people may not want more food to eat or 3.__________
more clothes to wear. But may want more and
better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals.
They are likely to travel more and want more
education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available 4.__________
in these services.
3 A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one can 5.__________
read books only in translation.
4 If he was present because of sickness, there was 6.__________
often no job for him when he returned.
5 Under this pressure their whole way of life, even
if their bodies, became radically changed. 7.__________
6 Science in itself is harmless, more or less.
But as soon as it can provide technology, it
is not necessarily harmful. 8.__________
7 Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this 9.__________
immensely long formative period of hunting for
food, they became farmers.
8 Can we be so bold as to suggest that we may be
able to colonize other planet within the not-too- 10.__________
distant future?
2.介词使用错误
1 The year 1728 saw friction among the coffee-house 1.__________
keepers and the publishers of newspapers.
2 The traditional nuclear family came into being a
couple of hundred years ago with the result of social 2.__________
pressure during the shift from feudalism to industrialism.
3 Most part-time workers are women, and most part-time
women choose this work because that their domestic 3.__________
responsibility.
4 Quality defines the difference in tone color between
a note played by different instruments or sung by 4.__________
different voices.
5 English, which when the Anglo-Saxons first conquered
England at the fifth and sixth centuries was almost a 5.__________
“pure” or “unmixed” language.
6 Gram soon wrote to Watson and Crick, introducing
him and presenting the first fruits of his thoughts about 6.__________
the coding problem.
7 Man a million years ago was a little more than an
animal; but early man had several advantages to the 7.__________
animals in that he had a large brain and an upright body.
8 Despite of the great difficulties they had, they 8.__________
continued the work without any complaint.
9 We are fully aware of that something must be 9.__________
done to put an end to this situation.
10 We are the same opinion that he is fit for this position. 10.__________
3.代词使用错误
1 We must find out the customs of other races, so that
it will not think us ill-mannered. 1.__________
2 But the people all over the world agree that being
well-mannered really means being kind. Please
remember this, and then he will not go very far. 2.__________
3 Scientist are discovering that sea water can be
very valuable. It has been suggested that their 3.__________
currents can be used to make electricity.
4 While technology makes this possible for four 4.__________
even six billion of us to exist, it also eliminates
our job opportunities.
5 Traditionally, work determines our way of life.
But if 98 percent of us don’t need to work, what
are we going to do with oneself? 5.__________
6 A break in their employment, or a decision to
work part-time, will slow its raises and promotions 6.__________
as it would for men.
7 The conscience of the nation is appeased, while
the population continues to puff their way 7.__________
to smoke, cancerous death.
8 There are many such differences and we shall take
up only that involving language, omitting those that do not. 8.__________
9 A wise and experienced administrator will assign
a job to whomever is best qualified. 9.__________
10 unconsciously, we copy these we are close to or 10.__________
love or admire.
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（四）
[ 07/10/06 12:32 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:32 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
三、代词使用错误
代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必有所指，而且形、数等必须与前面所代的部分相符，这是代词的改错的核心。代词错误是短文改错中出现频率较高的几类错误之一，几乎每套试题都有，主要涉及如下几种情况：
1 . 指代错误。主要是第三人称代词指代的误用；不定代词 one 和 those 与人称代词 you 和 them 的混用及人于指物的误用等。
2. 关系代词的误用。主要为 that 与 which ， who 与 which ， as 与 which 的误用； what 与 that 的混用。
3. 形式代词 it 与 this ， that 的误用。如： find this important to preview the lesson （这里的 this 应改为形式宾语 it ）。
4. 不定代词的误用。主要为不定代词与指示代词 these 或人称代词的误用； someone/somebody ， everyone/everybody 被误用作复数指代； some- ， any- 集合成代词与 no- 类合成代词的混用等。
例 1
A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one 1.__________
can read books only in translation.
本句中 without them 指的是：没有几们语言的知识。这里错误地使用了 them 来指代 a knowledge of several languages ，因为其中 knowledge 是中心词，所以要把 them 改为 it 。
例 2
To be frank, that is a great relief to have the task 1.__________
fulfilled in so short a time.
本句中 that 指的是“ to have the task fulfilled in so short a time ”，前者是后者的形式主语，而形式主语只能是 it ，因此必须把 that 改为 it 。
例 3
The teacher asked them who had completed their 1.__________
tests to leave the room as quietly as possible.
这句话看似没有错误，结果也十分完整，然而，它将代词宾格 them 与指示代词 those 的用法混淆了。因为一般来说，人称代词后面应该保留有修饰成分，如果保留 them ，那么这句话则必须改为： The teacher asked them to leave the room as quietly as possible. 这不符合修改的规则，故只能将 them 改为 those ，此时 those 作为指示代词，后面可以接有从句成分。
例 4
Western culture tends to ignore or take it for granted 1.__________
the non-verbal part of conversations, defining good
communication as " speaking well" .
本句中， it 作为形式主语，一般用于结构“ take it for granted that… ”，然而本句中没有出现从句，而只有名词短语“ the non-verbal part of conversation ”作为宾语，因此不需要形式宾语，应该将 it 删去。
通过上述例题可以发现，英语代词虽然数量不多，但是种类却不少，且各种代词有性、数、格、人称之别，必须在平时学习多注意总结和归纳，才可以正确的把握其用法。下面通过一些练习题来加深印象。
【第二页】短文改错练习
三、代词使用错误
代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必有所指，而且形、数等必须与前面所代的部分相符，这是代词的改错的核心。代词错误是短文改错中出现频率较高的几类错误之一，几乎每套试题都有，主要涉及如下几种情况：
1 . 指代错误。主要是第三人称代词指代的误用；不定代词 one 和 those 与人称代词 you 和 them 的混用及人于指物的误用等。
2. 关系代词的误用。主要为 that 与 which ， who 与 which ， as 与 which 的误用； what 与 that 的混用。
3. 形式代词 it 与 this ， that 的误用。如： find this important to preview the lesson （这里的 this 应改为形式宾语 it ）。
4. 不定代词的误用。主要为不定代词与指示代词 these 或人称代词的误用； someone/somebody ， everyone/everybody 被误用作复数指代； some- ， any- 集合成代词与 no- 类合成代词的混用等。
例 1
A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one 1.__________
can read books only in translation.
本句中 without them 指的是：没有几们语言的知识。这里错误地使用了 them 来指代 a knowledge of several languages ，因为其中 knowledge 是中心词，所以要把 them 改为 it 。
例 2
To be frank, that is a great relief to have the task 1.__________
fulfilled in so short a time.
本句中 that 指的是“ to have the task fulfilled in so short a time ”，前者是后者的形式主语，而形式主语只能是 it ，因此必须把 that 改为 it 。
例 3
The teacher asked them who had completed their 1.__________
tests to leave the room as quietly as possible.
这句话看似没有错误，结果也十分完整，然而，它将代词宾格 them 与指示代词 those 的用法混淆了。因为一般来说，人称代词后面应该保留有修饰成分，如果保留 them ，那么这句话则必须改为： The teacher asked them to leave the room as quietly as possible. 这不符合修改的规则，故只能将 them 改为 those ，此时 those 作为指示代词，后面可以接有从句成分。
例 4
Western culture tends to ignore or take it for granted 1.__________
the non-verbal part of conversations, defining good
communication as " speaking well" .
本句中， it 作为形式主语，一般用于结构“ take it for granted that… ”，然而本句中没有出现从句，而只有名词短语“ the non-verbal part of conversation ”作为宾语，因此不需要形式宾语，应该将 it 删去。
通过上述例题可以发现，英语代词虽然数量不多，但是种类却不少，且各种代词有性、数、格、人称之别，必须在平时学习多注意总结和归纳，才可以正确的把握其用法。下面通过一些练习题来加深印象。
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