2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十四）
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07/11/24 21:15 | by admin ]
07/11/24 21:15 | by admin ]
1. Seeing these pictures _______________（让我想到了我的童年时代）.
2. We’ll be all right _______________（只要我们能到达下一个加油站）.
3. We all know the fact that ________________（他们已使工厂现代化）.
4. It is quite clear that _______________（整个计划注定要失败）.
5. All the lights in this building ________________（都受这个开关的控制）.
答案及解析:
1. reminded me of my own childhood
解析：一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.（这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。）This reminded her of college days.（这使她回想起了大学里的日子。）remember指“记住、牢记”，与remind…of有区别。
2. if only we can get to the next petrol-station
解析：本题“只要”不能用as long as，as long as保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如：I’ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.（只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。）如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作，最好用if only。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用as long as。
3. they have modernized their factories
解析：本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。
4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail
解析：that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，而将that-从句置于句末。如：It is a pity that you should have to leave.（你非走不可真是件憾事。）另外，“注定……”是一个固定搭配，be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式，如：The prisoner was doomed to death.（囚犯被判处死刑。）His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.（他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。）
5. are controlled by this switch
解析：本题翻译并不难，但考查了“by＋执行者”在句中的用法。我们知道，“by＋执行者”结构表示被动，通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一，当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时，如：The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.（《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的）。第二，当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如：While the boy was walking on the road，he was robbed of his bread by an old man.（那个男孩在路上行走时，他的面包被一老人抢去。）本题所考查的正是第三种；当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。
2. We’ll be all right _______________（只要我们能到达下一个加油站）.
3. We all know the fact that ________________（他们已使工厂现代化）.
4. It is quite clear that _______________（整个计划注定要失败）.
5. All the lights in this building ________________（都受这个开关的控制）.
答案及解析:
1. reminded me of my own childhood
解析：一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.（这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。）This reminded her of college days.（这使她回想起了大学里的日子。）remember指“记住、牢记”，与remind…of有区别。
2. if only we can get to the next petrol-station
解析：本题“只要”不能用as long as，as long as保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如：I’ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.（只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。）如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作，最好用if only。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用as long as。
3. they have modernized their factories
解析：本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。
4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail
解析：that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，而将that-从句置于句末。如：It is a pity that you should have to leave.（你非走不可真是件憾事。）另外，“注定……”是一个固定搭配，be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式，如：The prisoner was doomed to death.（囚犯被判处死刑。）His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.（他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。）
5. are controlled by this switch
解析：本题翻译并不难，但考查了“by＋执行者”在句中的用法。我们知道，“by＋执行者”结构表示被动，通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一，当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时，如：The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.（《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的）。第二，当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如：While the boy was walking on the road，he was robbed of his bread by an old man.（那个男孩在路上行走时，他的面包被一老人抢去。）本题所考查的正是第三种；当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。
2007年12月英语六级作文训练（十）
[ 07/11/23 09:48 | by admin ]
07/11/23 09:48 | by admin ]
本篇文章为数据分析类写作
在写的时候需要注意数据的分析方面和最后对所给数据的总结。
Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai
1980 1990 2000
Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20%
Recreation 3% 5% 8%
Education 6% 16% 22%
Health Care 6% 10% 16%
Others 17% 24% 35%
1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化
2.分析产生这些变化的原因
3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响
As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.
The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:
Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.
Another factor lies in the development of people’s concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.
These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990’s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled.
As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people’s awareness of the importance of health.
The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.
在写的时候需要注意数据的分析方面和最后对所给数据的总结。
引用
Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai
1980 1990 2000
Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20%
Recreation 3% 5% 8%
Education 6% 16% 22%
Health Care 6% 10% 16%
Others 17% 24% 35%
1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化
2.分析产生这些变化的原因
3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响
As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.
The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:
Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.
Another factor lies in the development of people’s concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.
These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990’s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled.
As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people’s awareness of the importance of health.
The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十三）
[ 07/11/21 09:55 | by admin ]
07/11/21 09:55 | by admin ]
1. The beauty of the lake is _______________（难以用语言形容）.
2. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）.
3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can’t know much about the world.
4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library.
5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）.
参考答案及解析:
1. beyond description
解析：比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出（理解、范围、眼界）之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.（这篇文章超出了我的理解力。）I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.（只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。）
2. in the last office but one
解析：but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.（有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。）She was the last but one to come.（她是倒数第二个来的。）
3. Kept within houses
解析：过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.（如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。）过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如：
Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.（作原因状语）
Heated，ice changes into water.（作条件状语）
He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.（表伴随状况）
4. Having finished their homework
解析：我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn’t help thinking of her. （一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。）
5. beaten black and blue
解析：本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”；二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. ＝ I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished (to be ) driven away.
2. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）.
3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can’t know much about the world.
4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library.
5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）.
参考答案及解析:
1. beyond description
解析：比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出（理解、范围、眼界）之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.（这篇文章超出了我的理解力。）I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.（只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。）
2. in the last office but one
解析：but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.（有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。）She was the last but one to come.（她是倒数第二个来的。）
3. Kept within houses
解析：过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.（如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。）过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如：
Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.（作原因状语）
Heated，ice changes into water.（作条件状语）
He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.（表伴随状况）
4. Having finished their homework
解析：我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn’t help thinking of her. （一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。）
5. beaten black and blue
解析：本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”；二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. ＝ I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished (to be ) driven away.
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十二）
[ 07/11/21 09:52 | by admin ]
07/11/21 09:52 | by admin ]
1. They had no sooner gone to the plant _______________（就开始干活了）.
2. If only _______________（你没把我的话告诉杰吉），everything would have been all right.
3. Don’t trust such men ________________（当面过分称赞你）.
4. I’ve got many novels，_______________（其中一些很有趣）.
5. ________________（那两个国家中断了外交关系）on the eve of World War.
参考答案及解析:
1. than they began to work
解析：在前面的练习中已经考查过no sooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when的用法。这里想再强调的是，no sooner…than只能用于过去时，一般不能和主句是现在时或将来时的句子连用，但hardly/scarcely…when有时可以用于现在时，表示一种经常性的行为，如：The day has scarcely broken when he gets up to study.（天刚破晓，他就起床学习。）
2. You hadn’t told Jackie what I said
解析：本题考查虚拟语气，if only是if的强调式，用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，意思为：“但愿……，要是……就好了”，谓语动词多用虚拟语气。本句意为：“要是你没把我的话告诉杰吉就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了”。If only也可以用来引导感叹句，如：If only she would stop singing!（但愿她不要再唱了！）
3. as overpraise you to your face
解析：本题考查as用作关系代词或关系副词引导出限制性定语从句的结构。这种结构在从句中通常左主语、宾语、表语和状语。as在这里作主语，指人。这句话相当于Don’t trust those men who overpraise you to your face。as用作关系代词或关系副词除了可以用在such…as的结构中，还可以用在the same…as的结构中。如：We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by.（我们沿着我们进城的同一条路开车出城。）as在这个句子中作关系副词。
4. some of which are very interesting
解析：本题考查of which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，当of which，of whom结构和some，all，both等代词或数词连用时，可以有不同的语序。所以答案也可以这样：of which some are very interesting。
5. The two countries broke off diplomatic relationship
解析：on the eve of表示“在……前夕”，on用来指代某一特定的时间。Break off是指to cease to be friendly，“断绝（关系），不再友好，绝交”。
2. If only _______________（你没把我的话告诉杰吉），everything would have been all right.
3. Don’t trust such men ________________（当面过分称赞你）.
4. I’ve got many novels，_______________（其中一些很有趣）.
5. ________________（那两个国家中断了外交关系）on the eve of World War.
参考答案及解析:
1. than they began to work
解析：在前面的练习中已经考查过no sooner…than，hardly/scarcely…when的用法。这里想再强调的是，no sooner…than只能用于过去时，一般不能和主句是现在时或将来时的句子连用，但hardly/scarcely…when有时可以用于现在时，表示一种经常性的行为，如：The day has scarcely broken when he gets up to study.（天刚破晓，他就起床学习。）
2. You hadn’t told Jackie what I said
解析：本题考查虚拟语气，if only是if的强调式，用来表达强烈的愿望或遗憾，意思为：“但愿……，要是……就好了”，谓语动词多用虚拟语气。本句意为：“要是你没把我的话告诉杰吉就好了，那样就不会出什么问题了”。If only也可以用来引导感叹句，如：If only she would stop singing!（但愿她不要再唱了！）
3. as overpraise you to your face
解析：本题考查as用作关系代词或关系副词引导出限制性定语从句的结构。这种结构在从句中通常左主语、宾语、表语和状语。as在这里作主语，指人。这句话相当于Don’t trust those men who overpraise you to your face。as用作关系代词或关系副词除了可以用在such…as的结构中，还可以用在the same…as的结构中。如：We drove out of the town by the same road as we had entered by.（我们沿着我们进城的同一条路开车出城。）as在这个句子中作关系副词。
4. some of which are very interesting
解析：本题考查of which在句中引导非限制性定语从句，当of which，of whom结构和some，all，both等代词或数词连用时，可以有不同的语序。所以答案也可以这样：of which some are very interesting。
5. The two countries broke off diplomatic relationship
解析：on the eve of表示“在……前夕”，on用来指代某一特定的时间。Break off是指to cease to be friendly，“断绝（关系），不再友好，绝交”。
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十一）
[ 07/11/21 09:46 | by admin ]
07/11/21 09:46 | by admin ]
1. Man，no less than the lower forms of life，_______________（是演化过程的产物）.
2. _______________（不止一个人觉察到）her agitation.
3. ________________（液体密度越大），the easier it is to float on it.
4. _______________（只有工人的要求得到满足）will they return to work.
5. Had ________________（要不是有水库）we’d never have been able to beat the drought.
参考答案及解析:
1. is a product of the evolutionary process
解析：单数名词＋with，together with，along with，as well as，accompanied by，no less than，rather than，in addition to，instead of，including，besides等＋名词结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Man在这里是个单数概念，指全人类，因此句子谓语部分要用单数is。再如：A technician，along with some young workers，is working on the design.（技术员正在和一些青年工人一道搞设计。）本题全句意为：人类，同生命的低级形式一样，是演化过程的产物。
2. More than one person has noticed
解析：many a或more than one所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数。所以句子需填入部分谓语译成has，又由于“觉察到”暗示了动作已经发生，因此用完成时态。但是，考生要注意的是：如果more than one后面又出现了thousand，hundred等，动词就要用复数，如：More than one thousand graduates have responded to the Party’s call and gone to work in the border regions.（一千多名毕业生响应党的号召，到边疆工作去了。）
3. The denser a liquid is
解析：本题考查的是“the＋adj.比较级，the＋adj.比较级”的结构，表示“越……越……”。The denser在句中充当表语。当表语前置，主语和系动词用正常语序即可。当前置的表语为形容词词组、介词短语等，主语和系动词就要倒装。如：To north of the town was little village，where I spent my childhood in happiness.（在这个小城镇的北边有一个小村庄，我在那儿幸福地度过了我的童年。）
4. Only when the workers’ demands are satisfied
解析：本题考查only修饰的状语放在句首，主谓要倒装。Will they return to work已经给出暗示。此外，only＋副词，only＋介词短语置于句首，主谓也要倒装。如：Only with the aid of telescope can he observe the celestial bodies.（只有借助望远镜，他才能观测到天体。）值得注意的是：如果句首only修饰的是主语，则不需要倒装。如：Only Tom has been to the small island once before.（只有汤姆以前去过那个小岛一次。）
5. it not been for the reservoir
解析：由于句首已经给出Had，那么这里就是考查虚拟语气省略if引起的主谓倒装。由主句时态可知，从句情况与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时态。另外，如果句首倒装的条件句含有否定词not，且had提前，一般不可使用省略式n’t，而应将not置于条件句之后。本题意为：若不是有水库，我们绝不能战胜干旱。
2. _______________（不止一个人觉察到）her agitation.
3. ________________（液体密度越大），the easier it is to float on it.
4. _______________（只有工人的要求得到满足）will they return to work.
5. Had ________________（要不是有水库）we’d never have been able to beat the drought.
参考答案及解析:
1. is a product of the evolutionary process
解析：单数名词＋with，together with，along with，as well as，accompanied by，no less than，rather than，in addition to，instead of，including，besides等＋名词结构作主语时，谓语动词用单数。Man在这里是个单数概念，指全人类，因此句子谓语部分要用单数is。再如：A technician，along with some young workers，is working on the design.（技术员正在和一些青年工人一道搞设计。）本题全句意为：人类，同生命的低级形式一样，是演化过程的产物。
2. More than one person has noticed
解析：many a或more than one所修饰的名词作主语时，谓语动词必须用单数。所以句子需填入部分谓语译成has，又由于“觉察到”暗示了动作已经发生，因此用完成时态。但是，考生要注意的是：如果more than one后面又出现了thousand，hundred等，动词就要用复数，如：More than one thousand graduates have responded to the Party’s call and gone to work in the border regions.（一千多名毕业生响应党的号召，到边疆工作去了。）
3. The denser a liquid is
解析：本题考查的是“the＋adj.比较级，the＋adj.比较级”的结构，表示“越……越……”。The denser在句中充当表语。当表语前置，主语和系动词用正常语序即可。当前置的表语为形容词词组、介词短语等，主语和系动词就要倒装。如：To north of the town was little village，where I spent my childhood in happiness.（在这个小城镇的北边有一个小村庄，我在那儿幸福地度过了我的童年。）
4. Only when the workers’ demands are satisfied
解析：本题考查only修饰的状语放在句首，主谓要倒装。Will they return to work已经给出暗示。此外，only＋副词，only＋介词短语置于句首，主谓也要倒装。如：Only with the aid of telescope can he observe the celestial bodies.（只有借助望远镜，他才能观测到天体。）值得注意的是：如果句首only修饰的是主语，则不需要倒装。如：Only Tom has been to the small island once before.（只有汤姆以前去过那个小岛一次。）
5. it not been for the reservoir
解析：由于句首已经给出Had，那么这里就是考查虚拟语气省略if引起的主谓倒装。由主句时态可知，从句情况与过去事实相反，因此用过去完成时态。另外，如果句首倒装的条件句含有否定词not，且had提前，一般不可使用省略式n’t，而应将not置于条件句之后。本题意为：若不是有水库，我们绝不能战胜干旱。
