英语六级英语短文写作八要点
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2007/11/25 16:12 | by admin ]
2007/11/25 16:12 | by admin ]
1.Organize your thoughts before writing: brainstorm、 make an outline、etc.
下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。
2.Write clearly. Be concise. Avoid wordiness.
写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。
3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences.
使用好的文法，写出完整句子。
4.Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style.
尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。
5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.
避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6.Avoid use of the first person (i.e. I/me/my)
unless necessary to specific piece.
除非必要，避免使用第一人称：如“我/我的”。
7.Writing naturally. Read it aloud.
Does it sound natural? Does it flow?
自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？
8.Move logically from one idea to the next. Don't skip steps.
上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。
下笔前整合思绪：脑力激荡，写出纲要等。
2.Write clearly. Be concise. Avoid wordiness.
写作清晰，务必精简，避免赘言。
3.Use good grammar and write complete sentences.
使用好的文法，写出完整句子。
4.Write simple sentences. Avoid a fancy style.
尝试简单句，避免花俏的句法。
5.Avoid slang、cliche and informal words.
避免俚语、陈腔滥调和非正式用字。
6.Avoid use of the first person (i.e. I/me/my)
unless necessary to specific piece.
除非必要，避免使用第一人称：如“我/我的”。
7.Writing naturally. Read it aloud.
Does it sound natural? Does it flow?
自然挥洒，大声朗诵。整篇文章听起来自然吗？通顺吗？
8.Move logically from one idea to the next. Don't skip steps.
上下句意要合乎逻辑。别毫无章法乱跳。
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十四）
[ 2007/11/24 21:15 | by admin ]
2007/11/24 21:15 | by admin ]
1. Seeing these pictures _______________（让我想到了我的童年时代）.
2. We’ll be all right _______________（只要我们能到达下一个加油站）.
3. We all know the fact that ________________（他们已使工厂现代化）.
4. It is quite clear that _______________（整个计划注定要失败）.
5. All the lights in this building ________________（都受这个开关的控制）.
答案及解析:
1. reminded me of my own childhood
解析：一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.（这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。）This reminded her of college days.（这使她回想起了大学里的日子。）remember指“记住、牢记”，与remind…of有区别。
2. if only we can get to the next petrol-station
解析：本题“只要”不能用as long as，as long as保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如：I’ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.（只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。）如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作，最好用if only。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用as long as。
3. they have modernized their factories
解析：本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。
4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail
解析：that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，而将that-从句置于句末。如：It is a pity that you should have to leave.（你非走不可真是件憾事。）另外，“注定……”是一个固定搭配，be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式，如：The prisoner was doomed to death.（囚犯被判处死刑。）His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.（他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。）
5. are controlled by this switch
解析：本题翻译并不难，但考查了“by＋执行者”在句中的用法。我们知道，“by＋执行者”结构表示被动，通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一，当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时，如：The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.（《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的）。第二，当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如：While the boy was walking on the road，he was robbed of his bread by an old man.（那个男孩在路上行走时，他的面包被一老人抢去。）本题所考查的正是第三种；当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。
2. We’ll be all right _______________（只要我们能到达下一个加油站）.
3. We all know the fact that ________________（他们已使工厂现代化）.
4. It is quite clear that _______________（整个计划注定要失败）.
5. All the lights in this building ________________（都受这个开关的控制）.
答案及解析:
1. reminded me of my own childhood
解析：一般说来，“让某人做某事”是祈使句，多用make sb. do/ let sb. do的句型。但题中情况较特殊。按英文表达习惯，使某人想起某事要用remind sb. of sth.的结构。如：The film reminded him of what he had seen in China.（这部影片使他回想起在中国所看到的一切。）This reminded her of college days.（这使她回想起了大学里的日子。）remember指“记住、牢记”，与remind…of有区别。
2. if only we can get to the next petrol-station
解析：本题“只要”不能用as long as，as long as保留时间方面的含义，它引导的条件句中的谓语动词通常是延续动词或系动词，如：I’ll let you use the room as long as you keep it clean.（只要你能保持房间清洁，我就让你用这个房间。）如果条件句中的谓语动词表示短暂性的动作，最好用if only。本句中“到达”就是一个瞬间动词，因此不选用as long as。
3. they have modernized their factories
解析：本题考查that引导同位语从句。The fact是先行词，指代后半句整个内容，“他们已使工厂现代化”是对先行词的补充。
4. the whole project is doomed to failure/fail
解析：that-从句作主语通常用it作形式主语，而将that-从句置于句末。如：It is a pity that you should have to leave.（你非走不可真是件憾事。）另外，“注定……”是一个固定搭配，be doomed to通常后接名词或不定式，如：The prisoner was doomed to death.（囚犯被判处死刑。）His dogmatism is doomed to put him into isolation.（他的独断专行注定使他陷入孤立。）
5. are controlled by this switch
解析：本题翻译并不难，但考查了“by＋执行者”在句中的用法。我们知道，“by＋执行者”结构表示被动，通常在句中可以省略。但在以下几种场合必须翻译出来。第一，当执行者指艺术家、发明家、发现者、革新者等的专有名词时，如：The Last Dinner was painted by Da Vinci.（《最后的晚餐》是达•芬奇画的）。第二，当执行者是非确定性名词短语时。如：While the boy was walking on the road，he was robbed of his bread by an old man.（那个男孩在路上行走时，他的面包被一老人抢去。）本题所考查的正是第三种；当执行者是非生物性名词短语时。
2007年12月英语六级作文模板大全
[ 2007/11/23 21:54 | by admin ]
2007/11/23 21:54 | by admin ]
(I)说明原因型模块 It is clear that (1). If you (2), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (3). Failure will be following with you. It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (4).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (5).It will exert a profound influence upon (6).With reference to my standpoint, I think (7). 注释: 1:XX的第一个优点 2:支持XX的做法 3:不支持XX的做法 4:XX的第二个优点 5:举例证明优点二 6:说明XX优点三的影响第三天我写的相应作文: |
| The importance of self-confidence Currently, self-confidence has been the order of the day. This does demonstrate the theory --- nothing is more valuable than self-confidence. It is clear that (self-confidence means trust in one's abilities). If you (are full of self-confidence, it will bring your creative power to play, arouse your enthusiasm for work, and help you overcome difficulties), as a result, your dreams will come true. On the contrary, if you (have no confidence in yourself, there is little possibility that you would ever achieve anything ). Failure will be following with you。It turns out that all your plan falls through. No one can deny another fact that (self-confidence gives you light when you are in dark and encouragement when you are dismayed).You don't have to look very far to find out the truth, in respect that we all know (the secret of MMe. Curie lies in perseverance and self-confidence, the latter in particular). It will exert a profound influence upon (the achievement of one's ambitions). With reference to my standpoint, I think (he that can have self-confidence can have what he will). |
| (I)说明原因型模块(2) In recent years, XX has caused a heated debate on (1). The factors for (2).First of all, (3).Then, there comes a case that (4). Moreover, (5). Especially when (6).Indeed, these unique points can be collected the remind people that (7).In this way, we should behave just like (8). |
| The impact of Television In recent years, with the development of science and technology, 80 percent of all homes in China have satellite TV, offering as many as 50 channels. It has caused a heated debate on (the impact of television on children). Many parents are worried about the impact of so much television on children. The factors for (parents' worry is that children are indulge in television and spend too much time on it.).First of all, (with so many programs to choose from, children are not getting as much exercise as they should ).Then, there comes a case that (some studies have show that excessive watching of television by millions of children has lowered their ability to achieve in school ). Moreover, (the effect on children's minds are more serious than the effect on children's bodies). Especially when (the children are too small to judge what programs are suit to them).Indeed, these unique points can be connected to remind parents that (they should pay close attention to and responsibilities for supervising their children's TV viewing).In this way, children will not be influenced too deeply. |
| (I)说明原因型模块(4) For most of us today, (1). From above, we can find that the reasons why (2)are as follows. The primary reason, I think, is (3).Second,(4). The third reason, actually, is (5).The significance for (6)。 Therefore, (7). 注释: (1)人们针对XX的态度和举措 (2)归纳现状 (3)第一个原因 (4)第二个原因 (5)第三个原因 (6)重申造成现状的最重要原因 |
| Pollution Most of us today (recognize that environmental pollution has been a greatly serious problem. lots of plants trees corps are destroyed by bad air. many fish die of poisonous water. thousands of people die from eating poisoned fish or breathing in gas. therefore, environmental pollution should be responsible for these diseases that are disabling, or bringing death not only to human beings, but also to wild life.)From above, we can find that the reasons why (environment are polluted more and more seriously)are as follows. the primary reason, I think, is (the reason of harmful substances into environment. for example, to prevent insects, farmers make use of great amounts of insecticides, so as to have bumper harvests. however, they pollute air, water and land ). Second,(the gas coming from the car engines and factories also make environment polluted badly ). the third reason actually is (the result of a growing population in the world. everyday, so much litter and waste are poured out from houses, also pollute the environment ). The significance for (controlling pollution) noted that it's high time that more effective measures should be taken. Therefore, (new laws should be passed to limit the amount of pollutants from factories. moreover, in the households, there is an obvious need to reduce litter and waste. let's make our good efforts, and the world will be a safer place to live for us). |
| (I)说明原因型模块(5) These days we often hear that (1).It is common that (2). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (3).For another, (4). What is more, since (5),it is natural that (6 ).To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worth trying. We should do something such as (7) to improve he present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. (1)提出论题 (2)说明现状 (3)理由一 (4)理由二 (5)理由三 (6)理由三引起的后果 (7)解决方法 |
| Pollution of environment These days we often hear that (our living conditions are getting more and more serious because of the destruction of our environment ).It is common that (many trees and animals are near extinction, and the all-important food chain has been destroyed.). Why does such circumstance occur in spite of social protects? For one thing, (the population of the world is increasing so rapidly that the world has been so crowded. ).For another,(the overuse of natural resources has influenced the balance of natural ecology ). What is more, since (the industrial revolution ),it is natural that (a great number of factories have been springing up like mushrooms. The smoke and harmful chemicals released from factories also pollute the environment). To solve the problem is not easy at all, but is worthing. We should do something such as (planting more trees, equipping cars with pollution-control devices and learning to recycling natural resources )to improve the present situation, and I do believe everything will be better in the future. |
| 写作模板——图表式作文 It is obvious in the graphic/table that the rate/number/amount of Y has undergone dramatic changes. It has gone up/grown/fallen/dropped considerably in recent years (as X varies). At the point of X1, Y reaches its peak value of …(多少). What is the reason for this change? Mainly there are … (多少)reasons behind the situation reflected in the graphic/table. First of all, …(第一个原因). More importantly, …(第二个原因). Most important of all, …(第三个原因). From the above discussions, we have enough reason to predict what will happen in the near future. The trend described in the graphic/table will continue for quite a long time (if necessary measures are not taken括号里的使用于那些不太好的变化趋势). |
| 写作模板——提纲式作文 1． 对立观点式 A. 有人认为X 是好事，赞成X， 为什么？ B. 有人认为X 是坏事， 反对X，为什么？ C. 我的看法。 Some people are in favor of the idea of doing X. They point out the fact that 支持X 的第一个原因。They also argue that 支持X 的另一个原因。 However, other people stand on a different ground. They consider it harmful to do X. They firmly point out that 反对X 的第一个理由。 An example can give the details of this argument: There is some truth in both arguments. But I think the advantages of X overweigh the disadvantages. In addition to the above-mentioned negative effects it might bring about, X also may X 的有一个坏处。 |
| 2． 批驳观点式 A．一个错误观点。 B． 我不同意。 Many people argue that 错误观点。By saying that, they mean 对这个观点的进一步解释。An example they have presented is that 一个例子。(According to a survey performed by X on a group of Y, almost 80% of them 赞成这个错误观点或者受到这个错误观点的影响)。 There might be some element of truth in these people’s belief. But if we consider it in depth, we will feel no reservation to conclude that 与错误观点相反的观点。There are a number of reasons behind my belief. (以下参照辩论文的议论文写法)。 |
| 3． 社会问题(现象)式 A．一个社会问题或者现象 B． 产生的原因 C．对社会和我们生活的影响 D． 如何杜绝。(如果是问题的话) E． 前景的预测。 Nowadays, there exists an increasingly serious social/economic/environmental problem. (X has increasingly become a common concern of the public). According to a survey, 调查内容说明这种现象的情况。(或者是一个例子)。 There are a couple of reasons booming this problem/phenomenon.下面参照辩论式议论文写法。 X has caused substantial impact on the society and our daily life, which has been articulated in the following aspects. 参照辩论式议论文的写法。 A dozen of measures are supposed to take to prevent X from bringing us more harm. 同上 Based on the above discussions, I can easily forecast that more and more people will …….. |
| 辩论式议论文模版1 Some people believe (argue, recognize, think)that 观点1. But other people take an opposite side. They firmly believe that 观点2. As for me, I agree to the former/latter idea. There are a dozen of reasons behind my belief. First of all, 论据1. More importantly, 论据2. Most important of all, 论据3. In summary, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心.或:From above, we can predict that 预测. |
| 模版2 People hold different views about X. Some people are of the opinion that 观点1, while others point out that 观点2. As far as I am concerned, the former/latter opinion holds more weight. For one thing, 论据1. For another, 论据2. Last but not the least, 论据3. To conclude, 总结观点. As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. |
| 模版3 There is no consensus of opinions among people about X(争论的焦点)。Some people are of the view that 观点1，while others take an opposite side, firmly believing that 观点2。As far as I am concerned, the former/latter notion is preferable in many senses. The reasons are obvious. First of all, 论据1。 Furthermore, 论据2。 Among all of the supporting evidences, one is the strongest. That is, 论据3。 A natural conclusion from the above discussion is that总结观点。 As a college student, I am supposed to 表决心. 或 From above, we can predict that 预测. |
2007年12月英语六级作文训练（十）
[ 2007/11/23 09:48 | by admin ]
2007/11/23 09:48 | by admin ]
本篇文章为数据分析类写作
在写的时候需要注意数据的分析方面和最后对所给数据的总结。
Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai
1980 1990 2000
Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20%
Recreation 3% 5% 8%
Education 6% 16% 22%
Health Care 6% 10% 16%
Others 17% 24% 35%
1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化
2.分析产生这些变化的原因
3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响
As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.
The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:
Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.
Another factor lies in the development of people’s concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.
These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990’s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled.
As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people’s awareness of the importance of health.
The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.
在写的时候需要注意数据的分析方面和最后对所给数据的总结。
引用
Statistics of Family Expenses in Shanghai
1980 1990 2000
Food & Clothing 68% 45% 20%
Recreation 3% 5% 8%
Education 6% 16% 22%
Health Care 6% 10% 16%
Others 17% 24% 35%
1.根据上图描述该城市家庭支出的变化
2.分析产生这些变化的原因
3.说明这些变化对个人和社会产生的影响
As is shown in the table above, dramatic changes have taken place in family expenses in the City of Shanghai within two decades (from 1980 to 2000). The most obvious change is in expense on food and clothing, which has dropped by 48%, while those on recreation, education and health care have increased respectively by 5%, l6% and l0%. Expenses on other things keep rising from 17% to 35%.
The statistics of rise and fall seem to exist in isolation but are in fact closely related to one another. The most likely factors accounting for these changes are as follows:
Development in economy is the fundamental one. The increased income results in the lowering percentage of food and clothing. That is to say, a small percentage of the total income is enou5h to cover food and clothing expenses.
Another factor lies in the development of people’s concept. When people are well fed and well dressed, they begin to interest themselves in recreation and education.
These changes should also be attributed to social reforms. In the 1990’s, college education was not totally free as it was before, which also accounts for the rising expenses on education. Soon after, the government gradually stopped offering houses to its citizens without charges. People had to save a large proportion of their money for housing. That's partly why the expenses for ''others'' doubled.
As for the more expenses on health care, I figure there are two main reasons: the cancellation of free medical care and people’s awareness of the importance of health.
The changes reflect the development of the city and indicate that people are enjoying more.
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十三）
[ 2007/11/21 09:55 | by admin ]
2007/11/21 09:55 | by admin ]
1. The beauty of the lake is _______________（难以用语言形容）.
2. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）.
3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can’t know much about the world.
4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library.
5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）.
参考答案及解析:
1. beyond description
解析：比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出（理解、范围、眼界）之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.（这篇文章超出了我的理解力。）I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.（只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。）
2. in the last office but one
解析：but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.（有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。）She was the last but one to come.（她是倒数第二个来的。）
3. Kept within houses
解析：过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.（如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。）过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如：
Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.（作原因状语）
Heated，ice changes into water.（作条件状语）
He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.（表伴随状况）
4. Having finished their homework
解析：我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn’t help thinking of her. （一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。）
5. beaten black and blue
解析：本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”；二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. ＝ I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished (to be ) driven away.
2. He works _______________（在倒数第二个办公室）.
3. ________________（一个人如果关在家里），a person can’t know much about the world.
4. _______________（完成作业后），they went to the library.
5. I found him ________________（被打得青一块紫一块）.
参考答案及解析:
1. beyond description
解析：比起译文not easy to describe in words，cannot be described by words，答案的译文显然要精妙得多。beyond用作介词时可以表示exceeding，out the reach of，即：超出（理解、范围、眼界）之上。如：This passage is beyond my comprehension.（这篇文章超出了我的理解力。）I won’t buy your radio set beyond my offer.（只要超出我出的价钱，我就不买你这台收音机。）
2. in the last office but one
解析：but经常与表示最高级的形容词或first，next，last等同连用，如：Some people say this nation is the cleverest but one in the whole world.（有人说，这个民族在全世界范围内聪明才智排第二。）She was the last but one to come.（她是倒数第二个来的。）
3. Kept within houses
解析：过去分词短语作状语表示条件，相当于一个条件状语从句。Kept within houses要比If a person was kept within houses更简洁明了，且可以避免前后句person的重复。请看下例：Given more time, I can also do it.（如果给我足够时间，我也可以做此事。）过去分词短语还可以作原因状语、时间状语、伴随状语等。考生应注意复习。如：
Influenced by his ideas, she joined the revolution too.（作原因状语）
Heated，ice changes into water.（作条件状语）
He went there with great hope，but returned greatly disappointed.（表伴随状况）
4. Having finished their homework
解析：我们知道，现在分词在句中可以表示原因、时间、条件、结果等。本题考查了现在分词短语作时间状语的用法。由后半句可知，“完成作业”发生在“他们去图书馆”之前，因此，现在分词短语需要用完成时态。如果分词动作与谓语动词动作同时发生，就用一般式，如：Seeing the picture，he couldn’t help thinking of her. （一看到照片，他就禁不住想起她。）
5. beaten black and blue
解析：本题考点有二：一是如何表达习语“青一块紫一块”；二是过去分词作宾语补足语的用法。过去分词作宾语补足语改为被动语态时，可以省略to be，尤其是在like，want，order，wish后，如：I wish him driven away. ＝ I wish him to be driven away。换成被动语态后就是：He is wished (to be ) driven away.
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