1. Generally speaking,______________(按照说明服用时),the drug has no side effect.

2. Being out of work and having two young children, ______________(夫妻俩发现勉强维持生计是不可能的).

3. Some people argue that most crime ______________(可归咎于对金钱的贪婪).

4. ______________(发现很难适应那里的气候),he decided to move back to the north.

5. Over a third of the population was estimated _____________(没有机会享受医疗保健服务).

答案及解析:

1. when taken according to the direction/instruction
解析:本题考查对分词短语作状语及词组according to的掌握。本句中分词短语作状语表示条件,相当于if the drug is taken…,分词的逻辑主语the drug与take之间是被动关系,所以应用过去分词短语作状语。词组according to意为“依照、按照”。

2. the couple found it impossible to make ends meet
解析:本题考查对常见句型find it+adj.+to do sth.及短语make ends meet的掌握。Find it impossible to do sth.意为“发现……是不可能的”,it是形式宾语,impossible为宾语补足语,动词不定式是真正的宾语。短语make ends meet是“使收支相抵,勉强维持生计”之意。

3. can be attributed to the greed for money
解析:本题考查对短语attribute to及常见搭配the greed for的掌握。attribute to意为“归咎于”,可表示“归功于”,也可表示“归咎于”,crime与attribute是动宾关系,因此谓语要用被动语态(can be attributed to)。“对……的贪婪”用the greed for…表示。

4. Finding it difficult to adapt to the climate there
解析:本题考查分词短语作状语及短语adapt to的用法。句子主语he与动词“发现”是主谓关系,故应用现在分词短语作状语表示原因。常见句型find it difficult to do sth.表示“发现很难做某事”,短语adapt to意为“适应”。

5. to have no access to the health service
解析:本题考查对不定式和have (no) access to固定搭配的掌握。空格处在句中作主语补足语,不定式变成被动语态以后,都必须加上to。have (no) access to为固定搭配,表示“(没)有接近(或进入、享用)的机会”。
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1. _______________(让世界发展如此之快的)is the modern science and technology.

2.The doctor _______________(建议用一种新药来治疗这种病).

3. The two parties differ very sharply from each other _______________(在采取正确的补救办法的问题上).

4. An average student with average intelligence can be a top student ________________(只要仔细安排他/她的时间).

5. A student must treasure his time and ________________(吸收尽可能多的知识)to lay a solid foundation for his future career.

答案及解析:

1. What makes the world develop so fast

解析:根据句子各部分语法功能判断,我们在这里需要的是一个主语,因此必须将需填入部分译成what引导的主语从句,全句意思为“什么让世界发展如此之快——是现代科技”。

2. suggests treating the case with a new drug

解析:考生容易将此句“治疗”翻译成cure,cure强调“治疗、治愈,侧重治疗效果”,如:The doctor used special medicines to cure him of the measles.(医生用特效药治愈了麻疹。)而treat强调医治的过程,后接sb.或sth.作宾语。另外,“建议做某事”通常可以用句型“suggest doing”或“suggest that”从句。

3. over the correct remedies to apply

解析:首先要看到differ…from的结构,它表示“和……不同”,“与……在某方面不同”要用differ…from…over/on/upon…。“问题”是范畴词,不需要译成over the question of the correct remedies to apply以避免累赘。考生要注意比较differ from与differ with的差别。differ with是说“不同意……的意见”,相当于disagree with,如:I differ with him on that point,though he may be right.(在那一点上,我不同意他的意见,尽管他可能是对的。)

4. if he plans his/her time carefully

解析:本题考查代词在人称、数、性上的一致性。全句意为:一个中等智力水平的学生只要安排他/她的时间也能成为优等生。Student是单数,但无法确定名词的性,因此条件句中可用阳性或阴性。

5. absorb as much knowledge as he can

解析:本句意为:学生应该珍惜宝贵时间并吸收尽可能多的知识以便为将来事业打下坚实的基础。“吸收”可选用absorb,drink in,take in.“尽可能多的”译为as many as或as much as,具体要看句中名词是可数还是不可数。lay a foundation for表示“为……打下基础”。

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1. What upset me was ______________(不是他所说的话,而是他说话的方式).

2. The customer complained that no sooner ______________(他刚起动这台计算机,它就不运转了).

3. This piece of writing is ______________(与其说是短篇小说,不如说更像是新闻报道).

4. The court ruling ______________(剥夺了他的政治权利).

5. Human behavior is mostly a product of learning _____________(然而,动物的行为主要依靠本能).


答案及解析:

1. not what he said but the way he said it/ not what he said but the manner in which he said it

解析:本题考查对常见结构“not…but…”的掌握。Not…but…意为“不是……而是……”,用来连接两个并列成分,表示否定前者而肯定后者。“他所说的话”应用名词性从句what he said表示。“……的方式”用the way (in which)…或the manner in which…表示都可以,前者中的in which常省略。

2. had he started the computer than it stopped working

解析:本题考查对no sooner…than句型的掌握。no sooner…than和hardly(scarcely)…when都表示“刚一……就……”,注意其中连词的区别。该句型有两个特点:一是主句中一般使用过去完成时,而从句中一般使用一般过去时;二是no sooner或hardly(scarcely)位于句首时,要求句子采用部分倒装语序。本句中no sooner位于句首,故句子采用了倒装语序。

3. more like a news report than a short story

解析:本题考查对“more…than…”用法的掌握。“more…than…”可以表示“与其……不如……”,该结构中可以使用形容词,也可以使用名词、代词、动词、介词短语等。如:He is more diligent than clever.(与其说他聪明不如说他勤奋。)本句中是表示“更像”,于是用了“more like”。

4. deprived him of his political rights

解析:本题考查对固定结构deprive sb. of sth.的掌握。Deprive sb. of sth.意为“剥夺某人某物”。“政治权利”常用political rights表达。court ruling意为“法庭的判决”。

5. while animal behavior depends mainly on instinct /whereas the behavior of an animal depends mainly on instinct

解析:本题考查对表示对比或相反情况的连接词的掌握。While或whereas都可以作为连词,表示前后的一种对比或相反的情况,意为“然而”。注意此处不要用however,因为however是表示一种强烈的转折关系,不强调前后情况的对比。

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1. All things have passed; _______________(昔日的荣耀荡然无存).

2.They’ve fully prepared to _______________(投身于革命).

3. ________________(被告涉嫌参与)a murder case.

4. The acoustics in the Festival Hall _______________(效果好极了).

5. With the last hours of the afternoon ________________(她所有的希望、勇气和力量都随之消失了).

答案及解析:

1. nothing remains of its former glory

解析:翻译本句要注意防止漏译错译。当everything,anything,something,nothing作主语时,相应的谓语动词通常采用单数形式。“昔日的”可以用former作定语修饰glory,in former days通常在句中作状语。另外,本句还采用了反译法,原中文否定在动词谓语部分,而译文动词用了不带否定标记词的remain,否定含义体现在主语nothing上。


2. throw themselves into the revolution

解析:本句意为:他们做好了充分的准备投身革命。“投身革命”是使自己参与到革命当中,但如果用take part in the revolution,表达就略显平板。英文里有一个短语throw oneself into…中使用了反身代词表示投身于某项事业,大家要记住。

3. The accused is suspected of being involved in

解析:“the+adj.”作主语指某个人或某抽象意义时,谓语动词要用单数。这些形容词还可以被其他词语修饰,如:the extremely poor,the idle rich,the young at heart。若被both…and…修饰,the可以省略,如:Both young and old volunteer to give a helping hand.(年轻人和老人都主动来帮忙。)本题第二个考点是如何准确表达“涉嫌”。“涉嫌”即“被怀疑……”,因此用be suspected of doing较为准确。“参与”虽然可以说take part in,join in,participate in,但这些都有主动且比较积极的含义;如果是参与到/被牵涉到某件不好的事情中,通常用be involved in,考生要注意词语的感情色彩。

4. are extremely good

解析:本题旨在考查以-ics结尾的单词作主语时的单复数问题。acoustics在句中表示“音响效果”,是一个特定的事物,所以谓语要用复数are;当acoustics指学科“声学”的时候,谓语动词要用单数,如:Acoustics is a branch of physics.(声学是物理学的一个分支。)

5. went her hopes,courage,and strength

解析:本题考查状语位于句首,主句用倒装语序。这可以起到强调或使句子平衡的作用。“随之消失”的英文表达是go with…,如:go with wind,go with memory,go with tide。如果还原本句的正常语序,就是:Her hopes,courage,and strength went with the last hours of the afternoon.
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  Fifteen Minutes a Day

  If your vocabulary is limited,your chances of success are limited. This discovery has been made in the word laboratories of the world.

  That one of the easiest and quickest ways to get ahead is by consciously building up your knowledge of words①. The vocabulary of the average person almost stops growing by the middle twenties. And that from then on it is necessary to have an intelligent plan if progress is to be made. No haphazard hit-or-miss methods will do.

  The extent of your vocabulary indicates the degree of your intelligence. Your brain power will increase as you learn to know more words. A command of English will not only improve the processes of your mind. It will give you assurance; build your self-confidence; lend color to your personality; increase your popularity. Your words are your personality. Your vocabulary is you. Your words are all that we, your friends, have to know and judge you by. You have no other medium for telling us your thoughts ― for convincing us, persuading us, giving us orders.

  Words are explosive. Phrases are packed with TNT.A simple word can destroy a friendship, land a large order. The proper phrases in the mouths of clerks have quadrupled the sales of a department store.

  Words can also change the direction of your life. They have often raised a man from mediocrity to success. If you consciously increase your vocabulary you will unconsciously raise yourself to a more important station in life, and the new and higher position you have won will, in turn, give you a better opportunity for further enriching your vocabulary. It is a beautiful and successful cycle.

  Just spare fifteen minutes a day for memorizing words, and I will guarantee, at the end of three month, that your words and your reading and your conversation and your life will all have a new and deeper meaning for you. For words can make you great!

  [330 words]

  行文点评

  引出主题,给出观点,说理论证。文章第一段引用了一项科学发现来说明词汇量对成功的重要性,由此引出了文章所要谈论的话题——词汇。第二段作者提醒大家要有意识地去扩大词汇量。第三段说明对词汇的把握程度能反映我们的智力水平。第四、五两段阐述词汇的威力。最后一段作者提出建议,照应标题。

  文章的语言颇具特色,赋予“词汇”新鲜的活力。例如,在第三段中的描写“Words are explosive. Phrases are packed with TNT.A simple word can destroy a friendship, land a large order.”这样就使文章显得十分生动形象。

  好文妙译

 每天只需15分钟

  如果你的词汇量不大,你成功的机会也就不多。这一发现是从世界各地的语言实验室得来的。

  最简洁和最迅速的改进方法之一就是有意识地扩大你的词汇知识。普通人的词汇量到了二十五、六岁左右就几乎停止增长了。从那以后要想继续增加词汇量必须有一个合理的计划。随意安排的、漫无目的计划是不起作用的。

  你对词汇的把握程度反映了你的智力水平。当你通过学习掌握了更多词汇的时候,你大脑的思维能力也会增强。掌握英语不仅可以改进你的思维方式,它还给你信心,令你自信,带给你鲜明的个性,使你更受欢迎。你的用词反映了你的个性。所谓词如其人。作为你的朋友,我们大家都是从你的言辞中来了解、评价你的。除此以外,你无法用别的什么方法来告诉我们你的想法——无法使我们信服,无法劝说我们,无法给我们下指令。

  词汇是火药,词组则满载炸药。词组中则充斥着火药。一个简简单单的词可以摧垮一份友谊,也可以促成一笔大订单。售货员言辞得体的话可以使商场的销售额翻两番。

  词汇也能改变你生活的方向。它们常常使一个平庸之辈迈向成功。如果你在有意识地增加着你的词汇量,你将在不知不觉中爬到一个更显要的位置上,得到这个新的、更高的职位以后,反过来,你又会有更好的机会进一步丰富你的词汇量。这是一个诱人的、带给人成功的循环过程。

  每天抽出15分钟来记单词就行!我可以保证,三个月后,你的词汇、你的阅读能力、你的谈话技巧,乃至你的生活都将会达到一个更新和更高的程度。因为词汇能使你卓而不凡!

  词汇斟酌

  haphazard a. 偶然的, 随便的

  hit-or-miss a. 无计划的, 无目的的

  TNT n. 黄色炸药

  quadruple vt. 使成四倍

  enrich vt. 使充实;使丰富;增进…的营养(滋味)

  mediocrity n. 平常, 平庸之才

  佳句临摹

  ①【注释】get ahead 取得进展;获得成功

  【临摹】He is getting ahead in his job.他的工作在取得进展。佳句临摹

  思如泉涌

  Being ignorant is not so much a shame, as being unwilling to learn. 无知并不可耻,可耻的是不肯学习。

  Action is the proper fruit of knowledge. 行动是知识之佳果。
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