2007年12月英语六级考试翻译终极攻略
[
2007/12/17 18:36 | by admin ]
2007/12/17 18:36 | by admin ]
1) 分句法
把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。
例1 八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。
译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句)
例2 他为人单纯而坦率。
译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了)
例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child.
译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。(形容词被拆开)
例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before.
译文: 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。(名词短语拆开)
2)合句法
把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例5 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句)
例6 他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。
译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句)
例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.
译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。(主从复合句合成一个单句)
3) 正译法
就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相同的表达方式译成英语。
例1 我们强烈反对公司的新政策。
译文: We strongly object the company’s new policy.
例2 人不可貌相。
译文: We cannot judge a person by his appearance.
4)反译法
就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。
例3 酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走。
译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.
例4 这台机器一点儿也不复杂。
译文：This machine is far from being complicated.
由上可见，正译法和反译法主要体现在汉语里是否使用“不”、“非”、“无”、“没有”、“未”、“否”等字眼，或是在英语里是否使用no, not等词或带有dis- ，im- ，in- ，un- ， -less等带否定含义的词缀。读者也可将例1，例2试着用反译法表达出来。结果就是：We strongly disapprove the company’s new policy.和 Appearances are deceptive. 至于两种译法得出的两个译文究竟哪一个更好，就要看译文是否准确规范，简练精辟，是否符合该语言使用者的表达习惯了。
5) 顺序法
顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。
例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。
译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.
在句子中，句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句，后半句的“开动”，“加热”，“使……运转”都是“电在为我们工作”的具体内容。因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式，补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思，采用顺序法翻译，达到了“精确，通顺”的目的。
例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.
译文: 那是周六的傍晚，汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上，一面听画眉鸟唱歌，一面写一首抒情诗，忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑，后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。
原句里一连串出现了一系列的动词如：lying, listening, composing, saw，这是按汤姆进行这些动作的先后顺序来描述的，如果在译文中打乱这些顺序，就反而会显得凌乱，没有逻辑。
6)逆序法
逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。
例3 他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。
请读者比较下面两句译文，你认为哪一句较好？
译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.
译文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.
两种译文都忠实传达了原文内容。第一种为顺序翻译，第二种为逆序翻译。第一种显得有些冗长拖沓，且前后简单句主语不一致(前半句主语为he，后半句主语是they)，给人表述混乱之感。第二种由于采用了逆序法将原句意思用一个复合句表达出来，内容清晰，结构紧凑。
顺序法和逆序法主要是针对翻译长句而言，六级新题型汉译英题不会涉及此类译法，但作为翻译策略之一，应有所了解。
把原文中一个单词或短语译成句子，使原文的一个句子分译成两个或两个以上的句子。或干脆把原文的一个句子拆开，译成两个或两个以上的句子。
例1 八月中旬，修理组人员在骄阳下工作。
译文: It was in mid-August,and the repair section operated under the blazing sun.(一个单句拆分成了一个并列复合句)
例2 他为人单纯而坦率。
译文: He was very clean.His mind was open. (一个单句拆分成两个简单句了)
例3 The mother might have spoken with understandable pride of her child.
译文: 母亲谈到她的孩子时，也许有自豪感，这是可以理解的。(形容词被拆开)
例4 I wrote four books in the first three years ,a record never touched before.
译文: 我头三年写了四本书，打破了以往的记录。(名词短语拆开)
2)合句法
把原文中两个或以上的简单句，主从复合句或并列复合句等译成一个单句。
例5 她已试了好几次，要帮他们另找一所出租的房子，结果并未成功。
译文:She had made several attempts to help them find other rental quarters without success.(多个简单句合成一个单句)
例6 他们有遵守交通规则，机器出了故障。
译文：His failure to observe the safety regulations resulted in an accident to the machinery.(并列复合句合成一个单句)
例7 When we praise the Chinese leadership and the people, we are not merely being polite.
译文：我们对中国领导人和中国人民的赞扬不仅仅是出于礼貌。(主从复合句合成一个单句)
3) 正译法
就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相同的表达方式译成英语。
例1 我们强烈反对公司的新政策。
译文: We strongly object the company’s new policy.
例2 人不可貌相。
译文: We cannot judge a person by his appearance.
4)反译法
就汉译英而言，就是把句子按照与汉语相反的表达方式译成英语。
例3 酒吧间只有五个顾客还没有走。
译文:Only five consumers remained in the bar.
例4 这台机器一点儿也不复杂。
译文：This machine is far from being complicated.
由上可见，正译法和反译法主要体现在汉语里是否使用“不”、“非”、“无”、“没有”、“未”、“否”等字眼，或是在英语里是否使用no, not等词或带有dis- ，im- ，in- ，un- ， -less等带否定含义的词缀。读者也可将例1，例2试着用反译法表达出来。结果就是：We strongly disapprove the company’s new policy.和 Appearances are deceptive. 至于两种译法得出的两个译文究竟哪一个更好，就要看译文是否准确规范，简练精辟，是否符合该语言使用者的表达习惯了。
5) 顺序法
顺序法翻译不改变原文表达语序，不会影响对原文内容的理解。
例1 即使在我们关掉床头灯甜甜地进入梦乡时，电仍然为我们工作：开动电冰箱，把水加热，或使室内空调机继续运转。
译文: Even when we turn off the bedside lamp and are fast asleep , electricity is working for us, driving our refrigerators, heating our water, or keeping our rooms air-conditioned.
在句子中，句子前半部分是一个让步状语从句，后半句的“开动”，“加热”，“使……运转”都是“电在为我们工作”的具体内容。因而在译文中，译者将这三个并行动作处理成了V-ing 形式，补充说明working的内容。译文按照原句的语序完全传达了原文的意思，采用顺序法翻译，达到了“精确，通顺”的目的。
例2 It was a Saturday evening, when Tom was lying on the bench of the school listening to a blackbird and composing a lyric, that he saw the girls running among the trees, with the red-cheeked Joe in swift pursuit.
译文: 那是周六的傍晚，汤姆正躺在学校的长凳上，一面听画眉鸟唱歌，一面写一首抒情诗，忽然看见女孩子们在树林里奔跑，后面紧跟着那红脸的乔。
原句里一连串出现了一系列的动词如：lying, listening, composing, saw，这是按汤姆进行这些动作的先后顺序来描述的，如果在译文中打乱这些顺序，就反而会显得凌乱，没有逻辑。
6)逆序法
逆序法根据目标语使用者表达习惯与目标语读者的认知能力，按原文语序反向翻译，以便更好地传达原文的内容。
例3 他经常做礼拜的时候，总坐在固定的座位上，可是那天他们发现他不坐在老地方。
请读者比较下面两句译文，你认为哪一句较好？
译文1:When he attended worship, he always took a certain seat, but they found that he took a different one that day.
译文2:They remarked how he took a different seat from that which he usually occupied when he chose to attend worship.
两种译文都忠实传达了原文内容。第一种为顺序翻译，第二种为逆序翻译。第一种显得有些冗长拖沓，且前后简单句主语不一致(前半句主语为he，后半句主语是they)，给人表述混乱之感。第二种由于采用了逆序法将原句意思用一个复合句表达出来，内容清晰，结构紧凑。
顺序法和逆序法主要是针对翻译长句而言，六级新题型汉译英题不会涉及此类译法，但作为翻译策略之一，应有所了解。
2007年12月英语六级写作点睛句100句
[ 2007/12/12 16:23 | by admin ]
2007/12/12 16:23 | by admin ]
1. Time flies.
时光易逝。
2. Time is money.
一寸光阴一寸金。
3. Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月无情；岁月易逝；岁月不待人。
4. Time tries all.
时间检验一切。
5. Time tries truth.
时间检验真理。
6. Time past cannot be called back again.
光阴一去不复返。
7. All time is no time when it is past.
光阴一去不复返。
8. No one can call back yesterday;Yesterday will not be called again.
昨日不复来。
9. Tomorrow comes never.
切莫依赖明天。
10.One today is worth two tomorrows.
一个今天胜似两个明天。
11.The morning sun never lasts a day.
好景不常；朝阳不能光照全日。
12.Christmas comes but once a year.
圣诞一年只一度。
13.Pleasant hours fly past.
快乐时光去如飞。
14.Happiness takes no account of time.
欢娱不惜时光逝。
15.Time tames the strongest grief.
时间能缓和极度的悲痛。
16.The day is short but the work is much.
工作多，光阴迫。
17.Never deter till tomorrow that which you can do today.
今日事须今日毕，切勿拖延到明天。
18.Have you somewhat to do tomorrow,do it today.
明天如有事，今天就去做。
19.To him that does everything in its proper time,one day is worth three.
事事及时做，一日胜三日。
20.To save time is to lengthen life.
节省时间就是延长生命。
21.Everything has its time and that time must be watched.
万物皆有时，时来不可失。
22.Take time when time cometh,lest time steal away.
时来必须要趁时，不然时去无声息。
23.When an opportunity is neglected,it never comes back to you.
机不可失，时不再来；机会一过，永不再来。
24.Make hay while the sun shines.
晒草要趁太阳好。
25.Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
26.Work today,for you know not how much you may be hindered tomrrow.
今朝有事今朝做，明朝可能阻碍多。
27.Punctuality is the soul of business.
守时为立业之要素。
28.Procrastination is the thief of time.
因循拖延是时间的大敌；拖延就是浪费时间。
29.Every tide hath ist ebb.
潮涨必有潮落时。
30.Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
31.Wisdom is more to be envied than riches.
知识可羡，胜于财富。
32.Wisdom is better than gold or silver.
知识胜过金银，
33.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
时光易逝。
2. Time is money.
一寸光阴一寸金。
3. Time and tide wait for no man.
岁月无情；岁月易逝；岁月不待人。
4. Time tries all.
时间检验一切。
5. Time tries truth.
时间检验真理。
6. Time past cannot be called back again.
光阴一去不复返。
7. All time is no time when it is past.
光阴一去不复返。
8. No one can call back yesterday;Yesterday will not be called again.
昨日不复来。
9. Tomorrow comes never.
切莫依赖明天。
10.One today is worth two tomorrows.
一个今天胜似两个明天。
11.The morning sun never lasts a day.
好景不常；朝阳不能光照全日。
12.Christmas comes but once a year.
圣诞一年只一度。
13.Pleasant hours fly past.
快乐时光去如飞。
14.Happiness takes no account of time.
欢娱不惜时光逝。
15.Time tames the strongest grief.
时间能缓和极度的悲痛。
16.The day is short but the work is much.
工作多，光阴迫。
17.Never deter till tomorrow that which you can do today.
今日事须今日毕，切勿拖延到明天。
18.Have you somewhat to do tomorrow,do it today.
明天如有事，今天就去做。
19.To him that does everything in its proper time,one day is worth three.
事事及时做，一日胜三日。
20.To save time is to lengthen life.
节省时间就是延长生命。
21.Everything has its time and that time must be watched.
万物皆有时，时来不可失。
22.Take time when time cometh,lest time steal away.
时来必须要趁时，不然时去无声息。
23.When an opportunity is neglected,it never comes back to you.
机不可失，时不再来；机会一过，永不再来。
24.Make hay while the sun shines.
晒草要趁太阳好。
25.Strike while the iron is hot.
趁热打铁。
26.Work today,for you know not how much you may be hindered tomrrow.
今朝有事今朝做，明朝可能阻碍多。
27.Punctuality is the soul of business.
守时为立业之要素。
28.Procrastination is the thief of time.
因循拖延是时间的大敌；拖延就是浪费时间。
29.Every tide hath ist ebb.
潮涨必有潮落时。
30.Knowledge is power.
知识就是力量。
31.Wisdom is more to be envied than riches.
知识可羡，胜于财富。
32.Wisdom is better than gold or silver.
知识胜过金银，
33.Wisdom in the mind is better than money in the hand.
范文点评：21世纪合格人才七大技能
[ 2007/12/11 21:39 | by admin ]
2007/12/11 21:39 | by admin ]
21世纪是知识经济占统治地位的信息化时代。因此，社会对人才也提出了不同于以往的要求。不难发现，更多的“复合型人才”才符合社会发展的需要。
Seven Essential Skills for Qualified Personnel in 21st century
Technical and technological skills will be more important. There will be a growing need for people who can understand and fix systems — from computer systems to product distribution systems to plumbing systems.
Visionary skills will be in demand. The ability to gather and absorb a wide range of input, then use that knowledge, understanding, and perspective to guide organization into future, will be vital.
Numbers and measurement will be important, of course, but smoothing the flow from month to month, from quarter to quarter will be essential for highly profitable long-term performance. Practically every company will have to move away from today’s obsession with looking ahead only as far as the next financial reporting period①.
Ability to organize will definitely be important in the corporation of the future. Everywhere there will be a need to organize something: resources, workflow, marketing mix, financial opportunities, and much more, all will demand high levels of organization and reorganization.
Persuasive skills will be used in many ways by the corporation of the future. The most effective individuals will be those who know how to present information and ideas so that others can understand and support a particular position. Good salesmanship will be essential in many more interactions than we consider today, especially inside the organization.
Communication skills — careful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description will be invaluable. In tomorrow’s fast-paced business environment there will be precious little time to correct any misunderstandings. Communications breakdown may well become a fatal corporate disease.
Ability to learn will be above everything else in importance — empowering people to grow in effectiveness and help their companies achieve desired objectives. Some of this skill is innate, but many people enhance their ability to learn — and to relate different aspects of learning — through college and university courses. We believe the liberal arts education experience will prove to be the most valuable type of education for tomorrow’s leaders.
The top employees of the coming century will be flexible, creative and motivated toward making a positive difference in the world. They will seek balance, growth and fulfillment in both their work and home environments. The corporation of the future must respond to these needs and desires; otherwise they will find themselves hampered by a lack of qualified people to accomplish the organization’s work. ［395 words］
行文点评
本文的行文思路十分明快。7段文字分门别类地介绍了7种能力的概念及其内涵。最后一段是总结性的语句，概括全文。
这篇文章的结构十分清晰，能让读者对文章的框架和内容一目了然。除此之外，文章用词十分灵活。例如，在“Communication skills — careful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description will be invaluable.”这句话中使用的“careful, clear, close, plain and accurate”这五个形容词，既十分恰当地修饰了后面的动名词，又避免了修饰语的单调乏味，使行文更加生动。
好文妙译
21世纪合格人才必备七大技能
技术专长与创新能力——将更加重要。今后将越来越需要在计算机、产品推销和管道工程等方面既懂理论又有实践经验的人。
想象能力——将是一种需要。这种能力至关重要，它可收集和获取广泛而大量的知识信息，并对其中一些知识、思维方法及观察视角加以借鉴，以引导公司的未来走向。
数字与计算——固然很重要，但是保证月与月之间的衔接、部门与部门的配合都顺利通畅，将是实现长期高效运作的关键所在。实际上，每个公司都必须改变那种只做下一个财政年度计划的错误观念。
组织能力——在未来的公司的运作中无疑是十分重要的。无论到哪儿，组织工作都是必不可少的，如调拨财力物力、设置工作流程、制定市场营销战略、寻找赢利机会等等，所有这些都需要高水平的组织与改组能力。
说服能力——将以各种方式在未来公司中发挥作用。工作 最有成效的员工将是那些懂得如何表达信息和思想以便能够得到别人理解与支持的人，出色的游说能力在未来更多的人际交往中将是必不可少的，特别是在公司内部。
交流能力——听得认真、写得明白、看得仔细、说得清楚、叙述准确——将具有无可估量的价值。在未来快节奏的工作环境中，人们惜时如金，容不得半点疏漏。交流障碍很可能成为未来公司致命的症结。
学习能力——将在上述各种能力中占据最重要的地位，因为它使人能够提高工作效率，帮助自己的公司达到预期目的。这种能力一部分来自个人天赋，当然也有不少人通过接受高等教育来提高自己的学习能力和各种知识的融会贯通能力。我们认为，大学文科教育积累的经验将证明是对明天的领导者们最有价值的教育形式。
21世纪最出色的公司雇员将富有灵活性和创造性，并有志于做出不同凡响的创举。他们将在事业和家庭两方面寻求平衡、发展与完善。未来的公司必须对雇员必备技能加以考核，否则，公司的发展就会因工作中缺乏合格人才而受到限制。
词汇斟酌
plumbing n. 管道装置，管道工的工作
vital a.极其重要的
obsession n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)
definitely ad.明确地，肯定地
work flow 工作流程
invaluable a.非常宝贵的，无价的
breakdown n.破裂，故障
innate a. 天生的，固有的，天赋的
hamper vt.妨碍，束缚，限制
marketing mix 市场营销战略
佳句临摹
①【注释】obsession with sb/sth 牵挂，着迷(某人)；困惑(某事)
【临摹】His obsession with computers began six months ago.他半年前就迷上计算机了。
思如泉涌
Virtue and a skill are the best portion for children. 德行和一门技能是给孩子最好的遗产。
God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。
A Jack of all trades and master of none. 三脚猫无所长。
Seven Essential Skills for Qualified Personnel in 21st century
Technical and technological skills will be more important. There will be a growing need for people who can understand and fix systems — from computer systems to product distribution systems to plumbing systems.
Visionary skills will be in demand. The ability to gather and absorb a wide range of input, then use that knowledge, understanding, and perspective to guide organization into future, will be vital.
Numbers and measurement will be important, of course, but smoothing the flow from month to month, from quarter to quarter will be essential for highly profitable long-term performance. Practically every company will have to move away from today’s obsession with looking ahead only as far as the next financial reporting period①.
Ability to organize will definitely be important in the corporation of the future. Everywhere there will be a need to organize something: resources, workflow, marketing mix, financial opportunities, and much more, all will demand high levels of organization and reorganization.
Persuasive skills will be used in many ways by the corporation of the future. The most effective individuals will be those who know how to present information and ideas so that others can understand and support a particular position. Good salesmanship will be essential in many more interactions than we consider today, especially inside the organization.
Communication skills — careful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description will be invaluable. In tomorrow’s fast-paced business environment there will be precious little time to correct any misunderstandings. Communications breakdown may well become a fatal corporate disease.
Ability to learn will be above everything else in importance — empowering people to grow in effectiveness and help their companies achieve desired objectives. Some of this skill is innate, but many people enhance their ability to learn — and to relate different aspects of learning — through college and university courses. We believe the liberal arts education experience will prove to be the most valuable type of education for tomorrow’s leaders.
The top employees of the coming century will be flexible, creative and motivated toward making a positive difference in the world. They will seek balance, growth and fulfillment in both their work and home environments. The corporation of the future must respond to these needs and desires; otherwise they will find themselves hampered by a lack of qualified people to accomplish the organization’s work. ［395 words］
行文点评
本文的行文思路十分明快。7段文字分门别类地介绍了7种能力的概念及其内涵。最后一段是总结性的语句，概括全文。
这篇文章的结构十分清晰，能让读者对文章的框架和内容一目了然。除此之外，文章用词十分灵活。例如，在“Communication skills — careful listening, clear writing, close reading, plain speaking, and accurate description will be invaluable.”这句话中使用的“careful, clear, close, plain and accurate”这五个形容词，既十分恰当地修饰了后面的动名词，又避免了修饰语的单调乏味，使行文更加生动。
好文妙译
21世纪合格人才必备七大技能
技术专长与创新能力——将更加重要。今后将越来越需要在计算机、产品推销和管道工程等方面既懂理论又有实践经验的人。
想象能力——将是一种需要。这种能力至关重要，它可收集和获取广泛而大量的知识信息，并对其中一些知识、思维方法及观察视角加以借鉴，以引导公司的未来走向。
数字与计算——固然很重要，但是保证月与月之间的衔接、部门与部门的配合都顺利通畅，将是实现长期高效运作的关键所在。实际上，每个公司都必须改变那种只做下一个财政年度计划的错误观念。
组织能力——在未来的公司的运作中无疑是十分重要的。无论到哪儿，组织工作都是必不可少的，如调拨财力物力、设置工作流程、制定市场营销战略、寻找赢利机会等等，所有这些都需要高水平的组织与改组能力。
说服能力——将以各种方式在未来公司中发挥作用。工作 最有成效的员工将是那些懂得如何表达信息和思想以便能够得到别人理解与支持的人，出色的游说能力在未来更多的人际交往中将是必不可少的，特别是在公司内部。
交流能力——听得认真、写得明白、看得仔细、说得清楚、叙述准确——将具有无可估量的价值。在未来快节奏的工作环境中，人们惜时如金，容不得半点疏漏。交流障碍很可能成为未来公司致命的症结。
学习能力——将在上述各种能力中占据最重要的地位，因为它使人能够提高工作效率，帮助自己的公司达到预期目的。这种能力一部分来自个人天赋，当然也有不少人通过接受高等教育来提高自己的学习能力和各种知识的融会贯通能力。我们认为，大学文科教育积累的经验将证明是对明天的领导者们最有价值的教育形式。
21世纪最出色的公司雇员将富有灵活性和创造性，并有志于做出不同凡响的创举。他们将在事业和家庭两方面寻求平衡、发展与完善。未来的公司必须对雇员必备技能加以考核，否则，公司的发展就会因工作中缺乏合格人才而受到限制。
词汇斟酌
plumbing n. 管道装置，管道工的工作
vital a.极其重要的
obsession n.困扰，无法摆脱的思想(或情感)
definitely ad.明确地，肯定地
work flow 工作流程
invaluable a.非常宝贵的，无价的
breakdown n.破裂，故障
innate a. 天生的，固有的，天赋的
hamper vt.妨碍，束缚，限制
marketing mix 市场营销战略
佳句临摹
①【注释】obsession with sb/sth 牵挂，着迷(某人)；困惑(某事)
【临摹】His obsession with computers began six months ago.他半年前就迷上计算机了。
思如泉涌
Virtue and a skill are the best portion for children. 德行和一门技能是给孩子最好的遗产。
God helps those who help themselves. 自助者天助之。
A Jack of all trades and master of none. 三脚猫无所长。
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（二十）
[ 2007/12/10 10:10 | by admin ]
2007/12/10 10:10 | by admin ]
1. Only in this way ______________（我们才能在毕业之后很快适应社会）.
2. The government was accused ______________（没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺）.
3. No sooner ______________（我刚点着蜡烛，它就被吹灭了）by a violent draught.
4. Surrounded by the police，the kidnappers ______________（没有选择只能当场投降）.
5. I’m very glad to know that _____________（作为一些服务的回报，我的老板慷慨地同意将我欠的债一笔勾销）.
参考答案及解析:
1. can we adapt (ourselves) to the society quickly after we graduate
解析：本题考查对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起的状语位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情态动词can提前。adapt作“适应”解时常用于adapt (oneself) to sth.的结构。在when，until，after，before，as soon as，once，the moment/the minute，the day引导的时间状语从句中，常常用一般现在时代替一般将来时（after we graduate）。
2. of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions/ of failing to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions
解析：本题考查对accuse的用法及短语fulfill one’s promise to…的掌握。accuse“指责、控告”常用于accuse sb. of sth./ doing sth.的结构，所以was accused of之后用failure和failing都可以。“实现……的承诺”用fulfill one’s promise to表示，to后接动词原形。
3． had I lit the candle than it was put out
解析：本题考查对句型no sooner…than…及短语put out的掌握。no sooner…than…表示“刚…就…，一…就…”，但只用于过去时：主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。No sooner 位于句首时，主句须部分倒装。Put out意为“熄灭”。
4． had no choice but to surrender on the spot
解析：本题考查对固定结构have no choice but to do及短语on the spot的掌握。have no choice but to do意为“除…之外别无选择”，注意不要忽略to。短语on the spot意为“当场”。本句时态应为一般过去时。
5． my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services
解析：本题主要考查对一些短语的掌握。in return for表示“作为对……的回报或报答”；write off表示“勾销，注销”。注意本句在整个句中是充当宾语的成分，故介词短语in return for…最好放到句子的结尾，不要按照其中文的语序直译。
2. The government was accused ______________（没能实现其改善城市交通状况的承诺）.
3. No sooner ______________（我刚点着蜡烛，它就被吹灭了）by a violent draught.
4. Surrounded by the police，the kidnappers ______________（没有选择只能当场投降）.
5. I’m very glad to know that _____________（作为一些服务的回报，我的老板慷慨地同意将我欠的债一笔勾销）.
参考答案及解析:
1. can we adapt (ourselves) to the society quickly after we graduate
解析：本题考查对倒装句、adapt的用法以及after引导的时间状语从句的掌握。only引起的状语位于句首时，句子须部分倒装。本题中要将情态动词can提前。adapt作“适应”解时常用于adapt (oneself) to sth.的结构。在when，until，after，before，as soon as，once，the moment/the minute，the day引导的时间状语从句中，常常用一般现在时代替一般将来时（after we graduate）。
2. of failure to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions/ of failing to fulfill its promise to improve urban traffic conditions
解析：本题考查对accuse的用法及短语fulfill one’s promise to…的掌握。accuse“指责、控告”常用于accuse sb. of sth./ doing sth.的结构，所以was accused of之后用failure和failing都可以。“实现……的承诺”用fulfill one’s promise to表示，to后接动词原形。
3． had I lit the candle than it was put out
解析：本题考查对句型no sooner…than…及短语put out的掌握。no sooner…than…表示“刚…就…，一…就…”，但只用于过去时：主句通常用过去完成时，从句通常用一般过去时。No sooner 位于句首时，主句须部分倒装。Put out意为“熄灭”。
4． had no choice but to surrender on the spot
解析：本题考查对固定结构have no choice but to do及短语on the spot的掌握。have no choice but to do意为“除…之外别无选择”，注意不要忽略to。短语on the spot意为“当场”。本句时态应为一般过去时。
5． my boss has generously agreed to write off my debt in return for certain services
解析：本题主要考查对一些短语的掌握。in return for表示“作为对……的回报或报答”；write off表示“勾销，注销”。注意本句在整个句中是充当宾语的成分，故介词短语in return for…最好放到句子的结尾，不要按照其中文的语序直译。
2007年12月英语六级备考-翻译（十九）
[ 2007/12/09 10:30 | by admin ]
2007/12/09 10:30 | by admin ]
1. The frightened child _______________（紧紧抓住母亲的手臂）.
2. People _______________（往往会发胖）after giving up cigarettes because they turn to snacks as a substitute.
3. If we want to ________________（提前一个月完成这项工程的话），we have to hurry with it.
4. When he succeeded in finishing his design，the technician _______________（似乎忘乎所以了）.
5. He is the sort of person ________________（你永远琢磨不透他讲的话）.
参考答案及解析:
1. grips his mother’s arm
解析：在英语里，grip表示“紧紧抓住某人”，已经包含了“紧紧地”含义，因此不需要译成grip one’s arm tightly，但是可以说catch one’s arm tightly，考生一定要注意英汉表达差异。grip也可以引申为“吸引住（注意力、兴趣等）”，如：The story gripped our attention.（这个故事吸引了我们的注意力。）
2. tend to put on weight
解析：本句意为：很多人在戒烟后往往会发胖，因为他们会吃零食取而代之。“往往会发胖”表示一种趋势、发展方向，英文里要用tend这个词。有关用法是：tend to do（取向于做某事）；have the tendency to do（有做某事的趋势）。“发胖”即put on weight或gain flesh.注意，overweight这个词往往带有贬义色彩，指重量超过正常、必要或被允许的限度的，要慎用。
3. complete the project a month ahead of time
解析：我们知道，if条件句通常表示假设情况，要用虚拟语气。但是，如果if条件句里的假设状况在现实中有可能会实现的话，提出的假设并不与现在、过去或将来事实想违背，那么，就不需要遵循虚拟语气原则，if条件句用一般时态即可。本题还考查了“提前某段时间”的英文表达“时间＋ahead of time”。
4. seemed to let himself go
解析：本题考查习语“忘乎所以”的英译。Let oneself go表示尽情或尽兴、情不自禁、忘乎所以。如：Now that you come for dancing，you should let yourselves go.（既然你们来跳舞，就应该玩得尽兴。）
5. whose words you never can make out
解析：本句要从全句含义来把握。这句话实际是说：他是你永远琢磨不透他所讲的话的那种人。句子需填入部分是对先行词the sort of person的修饰。因此，我们需要的是一个由whose words引导的限制性定语从句，使全句结构紧凑。make out表示“理解、了解、猜得出”。本题也可以用并列复合句来翻译：and you can never make out his words。
2. People _______________（往往会发胖）after giving up cigarettes because they turn to snacks as a substitute.
3. If we want to ________________（提前一个月完成这项工程的话），we have to hurry with it.
4. When he succeeded in finishing his design，the technician _______________（似乎忘乎所以了）.
5. He is the sort of person ________________（你永远琢磨不透他讲的话）.
参考答案及解析:
1. grips his mother’s arm
解析：在英语里，grip表示“紧紧抓住某人”，已经包含了“紧紧地”含义，因此不需要译成grip one’s arm tightly，但是可以说catch one’s arm tightly，考生一定要注意英汉表达差异。grip也可以引申为“吸引住（注意力、兴趣等）”，如：The story gripped our attention.（这个故事吸引了我们的注意力。）
2. tend to put on weight
解析：本句意为：很多人在戒烟后往往会发胖，因为他们会吃零食取而代之。“往往会发胖”表示一种趋势、发展方向，英文里要用tend这个词。有关用法是：tend to do（取向于做某事）；have the tendency to do（有做某事的趋势）。“发胖”即put on weight或gain flesh.注意，overweight这个词往往带有贬义色彩，指重量超过正常、必要或被允许的限度的，要慎用。
3. complete the project a month ahead of time
解析：我们知道，if条件句通常表示假设情况，要用虚拟语气。但是，如果if条件句里的假设状况在现实中有可能会实现的话，提出的假设并不与现在、过去或将来事实想违背，那么，就不需要遵循虚拟语气原则，if条件句用一般时态即可。本题还考查了“提前某段时间”的英文表达“时间＋ahead of time”。
4. seemed to let himself go
解析：本题考查习语“忘乎所以”的英译。Let oneself go表示尽情或尽兴、情不自禁、忘乎所以。如：Now that you come for dancing，you should let yourselves go.（既然你们来跳舞，就应该玩得尽兴。）
5. whose words you never can make out
解析：本句要从全句含义来把握。这句话实际是说：他是你永远琢磨不透他所讲的话的那种人。句子需填入部分是对先行词the sort of person的修饰。因此，我们需要的是一个由whose words引导的限制性定语从句，使全句结构紧凑。make out表示“理解、了解、猜得出”。本题也可以用并列复合句来翻译：and you can never make out his words。
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