英语六级考试短文改错的考点剖析
[
07/10/15 11:13 | by admin ]
07/10/15 11:13 | by admin ]
近来对简单的看了一下改错题型,改错是从2000年之后才开始流行的,也可能代表着一种命题的趋势,根据2000年到目前所考过的真题,改错的主要有以下具体的错误:
1.介词搭配方面的错误,一共考过6次,分别是:land on\by the way\in one of the country\as和like的用法\in quiet a while和for quiet a while的用法\look up at和look back at等
2.主谓一致的错误,总共考过6次,其中占了大多数的是让你把was改成were,或者相反的做法.
3.非谓语动词,共考过三次,如:filling改成filled,viewing改成viewed,consider改成considering.
4.连接词的错误,共出现过3次,这里就不一一列举.
5.关于句子结构方面的错误,考过两次,如:2002年6月的S4:this is new改成what is new
6.语篇理解的错误,这是历年真题中出现的最多的,在同一年的试卷同一个文章中就会连续考好几题,比如2001年6月的真题中就出现了三次,分别是74、76和79题，这是大家在考试时要特别注意的。
7.紧居其次的是关于固定短语的错误，这要靠平时的积累，比如真题中考过的固定搭配有：keep sth。constant、so as to等等。
8.另外真题中还出现过时态的错误、代词、定语从句错误。
9.最后，发现六级真题中考过一次序数词的错误和依次冠词的错误，分别出现在2001年6月的真题中，大家可以去看看。
信息来源：新浪网
1.介词搭配方面的错误,一共考过6次,分别是:land on\by the way\in one of the country\as和like的用法\in quiet a while和for quiet a while的用法\look up at和look back at等
2.主谓一致的错误,总共考过6次,其中占了大多数的是让你把was改成were,或者相反的做法.
3.非谓语动词,共考过三次,如:filling改成filled,viewing改成viewed,consider改成considering.
4.连接词的错误,共出现过3次,这里就不一一列举.
5.关于句子结构方面的错误,考过两次,如:2002年6月的S4:this is new改成what is new
6.语篇理解的错误,这是历年真题中出现的最多的,在同一年的试卷同一个文章中就会连续考好几题,比如2001年6月的真题中就出现了三次,分别是74、76和79题，这是大家在考试时要特别注意的。
7.紧居其次的是关于固定短语的错误，这要靠平时的积累，比如真题中考过的固定搭配有：keep sth。constant、so as to等等。
8.另外真题中还出现过时态的错误、代词、定语从句错误。
9.最后，发现六级真题中考过一次序数词的错误和依次冠词的错误，分别出现在2001年6月的真题中，大家可以去看看。
信息来源：新浪网
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（五）
[ 07/10/06 12:46 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:46 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
总结前三期。
分别是 1.逻辑表达错误
2.介词使用错误
3.代词使用错误
3种错误类型 共30个错误。希望对大家对改错的提高有帮助。
1.逻辑表达错误
1 This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you
wouldn’t think so if you could hear what average
man thinks of the average woman. Women won
their independence years ago. Before a long, bitter 1.__________
struggle, they now enjoy the different educational 2.__________
opportunities as men in most parts of the world.
2 People are earning higher wages and salaries.
This leads to the changes in the way of life. As income
goes down, people may not want more food to eat or 3.__________
more clothes to wear. But may want more and
better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals.
They are likely to travel more and want more
education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available 4.__________
in these services.
3 A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one can 5.__________
read books only in translation.
4 If he was present because of sickness, there was 6.__________
often no job for him when he returned.
5 Under this pressure their whole way of life, even
if their bodies, became radically changed. 7.__________
6 Science in itself is harmless, more or less.
But as soon as it can provide technology, it
is not necessarily harmful. 8.__________
7 Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this 9.__________
immensely long formative period of hunting for
food, they became farmers.
8 Can we be so bold as to suggest that we may be
able to colonize other planet within the not-too- 10.__________
distant future?
2.介词使用错误
1 The year 1728 saw friction among the coffee-house 1.__________
keepers and the publishers of newspapers.
2 The traditional nuclear family came into being a
couple of hundred years ago with the result of social 2.__________
pressure during the shift from feudalism to industrialism.
3 Most part-time workers are women, and most part-time
women choose this work because that their domestic 3.__________
responsibility.
4 Quality defines the difference in tone color between
a note played by different instruments or sung by 4.__________
different voices.
5 English, which when the Anglo-Saxons first conquered
England at the fifth and sixth centuries was almost a 5.__________
“pure” or “unmixed” language.
6 Gram soon wrote to Watson and Crick, introducing
him and presenting the first fruits of his thoughts about 6.__________
the coding problem.
7 Man a million years ago was a little more than an
animal; but early man had several advantages to the 7.__________
animals in that he had a large brain and an upright body.
8 Despite of the great difficulties they had, they 8.__________
continued the work without any complaint.
9 We are fully aware of that something must be 9.__________
done to put an end to this situation.
10 We are the same opinion that he is fit for this position. 10.__________
3.代词使用错误
1 We must find out the customs of other races, so that
it will not think us ill-mannered. 1.__________
2 But the people all over the world agree that being
well-mannered really means being kind. Please
remember this, and then he will not go very far. 2.__________
3 Scientist are discovering that sea water can be
very valuable. It has been suggested that their 3.__________
currents can be used to make electricity.
4 While technology makes this possible for four 4.__________
even six billion of us to exist, it also eliminates
our job opportunities.
5 Traditionally, work determines our way of life.
But if 98 percent of us don’t need to work, what
are we going to do with oneself? 5.__________
6 A break in their employment, or a decision to
work part-time, will slow its raises and promotions 6.__________
as it would for men.
7 The conscience of the nation is appeased, while
the population continues to puff their way 7.__________
to smoke, cancerous death.
8 There are many such differences and we shall take
up only that involving language, omitting those that do not. 8.__________
9 A wise and experienced administrator will assign
a job to whomever is best qualified. 9.__________
10 unconsciously, we copy these we are close to or 10.__________
love or admire.
【第二页】短文改错练习
总结前三期。
分别是 1.逻辑表达错误
2.介词使用错误
3.代词使用错误
3种错误类型 共30个错误。希望对大家对改错的提高有帮助。
1.逻辑表达错误
1 This is supposed to be an enlightened age, but you
wouldn’t think so if you could hear what average
man thinks of the average woman. Women won
their independence years ago. Before a long, bitter 1.__________
struggle, they now enjoy the different educational 2.__________
opportunities as men in most parts of the world.
2 People are earning higher wages and salaries.
This leads to the changes in the way of life. As income
goes down, people may not want more food to eat or 3.__________
more clothes to wear. But may want more and
better care from doctors, dentists and hospitals.
They are likely to travel more and want more
education. Nevertheless, many more jobs are available 4.__________
in these services.
3 A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one can 5.__________
read books only in translation.
4 If he was present because of sickness, there was 6.__________
often no job for him when he returned.
5 Under this pressure their whole way of life, even
if their bodies, became radically changed. 7.__________
6 Science in itself is harmless, more or less.
But as soon as it can provide technology, it
is not necessarily harmful. 8.__________
7 Then, about ten thousand years ago, when this 9.__________
immensely long formative period of hunting for
food, they became farmers.
8 Can we be so bold as to suggest that we may be
able to colonize other planet within the not-too- 10.__________
distant future?
2.介词使用错误
1 The year 1728 saw friction among the coffee-house 1.__________
keepers and the publishers of newspapers.
2 The traditional nuclear family came into being a
couple of hundred years ago with the result of social 2.__________
pressure during the shift from feudalism to industrialism.
3 Most part-time workers are women, and most part-time
women choose this work because that their domestic 3.__________
responsibility.
4 Quality defines the difference in tone color between
a note played by different instruments or sung by 4.__________
different voices.
5 English, which when the Anglo-Saxons first conquered
England at the fifth and sixth centuries was almost a 5.__________
“pure” or “unmixed” language.
6 Gram soon wrote to Watson and Crick, introducing
him and presenting the first fruits of his thoughts about 6.__________
the coding problem.
7 Man a million years ago was a little more than an
animal; but early man had several advantages to the 7.__________
animals in that he had a large brain and an upright body.
8 Despite of the great difficulties they had, they 8.__________
continued the work without any complaint.
9 We are fully aware of that something must be 9.__________
done to put an end to this situation.
10 We are the same opinion that he is fit for this position. 10.__________
3.代词使用错误
1 We must find out the customs of other races, so that
it will not think us ill-mannered. 1.__________
2 But the people all over the world agree that being
well-mannered really means being kind. Please
remember this, and then he will not go very far. 2.__________
3 Scientist are discovering that sea water can be
very valuable. It has been suggested that their 3.__________
currents can be used to make electricity.
4 While technology makes this possible for four 4.__________
even six billion of us to exist, it also eliminates
our job opportunities.
5 Traditionally, work determines our way of life.
But if 98 percent of us don’t need to work, what
are we going to do with oneself? 5.__________
6 A break in their employment, or a decision to
work part-time, will slow its raises and promotions 6.__________
as it would for men.
7 The conscience of the nation is appeased, while
the population continues to puff their way 7.__________
to smoke, cancerous death.
8 There are many such differences and we shall take
up only that involving language, omitting those that do not. 8.__________
9 A wise and experienced administrator will assign
a job to whomever is best qualified. 9.__________
10 unconsciously, we copy these we are close to or 10.__________
love or admire.
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（四）
[ 07/10/06 12:32 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:32 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
三、代词使用错误
代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必有所指，而且形、数等必须与前面所代的部分相符，这是代词的改错的核心。代词错误是短文改错中出现频率较高的几类错误之一，几乎每套试题都有，主要涉及如下几种情况：
1 . 指代错误。主要是第三人称代词指代的误用；不定代词 one 和 those 与人称代词 you 和 them 的混用及人于指物的误用等。
2. 关系代词的误用。主要为 that 与 which ， who 与 which ， as 与 which 的误用； what 与 that 的混用。
3. 形式代词 it 与 this ， that 的误用。如： find this important to preview the lesson （这里的 this 应改为形式宾语 it ）。
4. 不定代词的误用。主要为不定代词与指示代词 these 或人称代词的误用； someone/somebody ， everyone/everybody 被误用作复数指代； some- ， any- 集合成代词与 no- 类合成代词的混用等。
例 1
A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one 1.__________
can read books only in translation.
本句中 without them 指的是：没有几们语言的知识。这里错误地使用了 them 来指代 a knowledge of several languages ，因为其中 knowledge 是中心词，所以要把 them 改为 it 。
例 2
To be frank, that is a great relief to have the task 1.__________
fulfilled in so short a time.
本句中 that 指的是“ to have the task fulfilled in so short a time ”，前者是后者的形式主语，而形式主语只能是 it ，因此必须把 that 改为 it 。
例 3
The teacher asked them who had completed their 1.__________
tests to leave the room as quietly as possible.
这句话看似没有错误，结果也十分完整，然而，它将代词宾格 them 与指示代词 those 的用法混淆了。因为一般来说，人称代词后面应该保留有修饰成分，如果保留 them ，那么这句话则必须改为： The teacher asked them to leave the room as quietly as possible. 这不符合修改的规则，故只能将 them 改为 those ，此时 those 作为指示代词，后面可以接有从句成分。
例 4
Western culture tends to ignore or take it for granted 1.__________
the non-verbal part of conversations, defining good
communication as " speaking well" .
本句中， it 作为形式主语，一般用于结构“ take it for granted that… ”，然而本句中没有出现从句，而只有名词短语“ the non-verbal part of conversation ”作为宾语，因此不需要形式宾语，应该将 it 删去。
通过上述例题可以发现，英语代词虽然数量不多，但是种类却不少，且各种代词有性、数、格、人称之别，必须在平时学习多注意总结和归纳，才可以正确的把握其用法。下面通过一些练习题来加深印象。
【第二页】短文改错练习
三、代词使用错误
代词的主要功能是指代已出现的名词、词组或一个意群，因此代词的出现必有所指，而且形、数等必须与前面所代的部分相符，这是代词的改错的核心。代词错误是短文改错中出现频率较高的几类错误之一，几乎每套试题都有，主要涉及如下几种情况：
1 . 指代错误。主要是第三人称代词指代的误用；不定代词 one 和 those 与人称代词 you 和 them 的混用及人于指物的误用等。
2. 关系代词的误用。主要为 that 与 which ， who 与 which ， as 与 which 的误用； what 与 that 的混用。
3. 形式代词 it 与 this ， that 的误用。如： find this important to preview the lesson （这里的 this 应改为形式宾语 it ）。
4. 不定代词的误用。主要为不定代词与指示代词 these 或人称代词的误用； someone/somebody ， everyone/everybody 被误用作复数指代； some- ， any- 集合成代词与 no- 类合成代词的混用等。
例 1
A knowledge of several languages is essential to
other majors’ study because without them one 1.__________
can read books only in translation.
本句中 without them 指的是：没有几们语言的知识。这里错误地使用了 them 来指代 a knowledge of several languages ，因为其中 knowledge 是中心词，所以要把 them 改为 it 。
例 2
To be frank, that is a great relief to have the task 1.__________
fulfilled in so short a time.
本句中 that 指的是“ to have the task fulfilled in so short a time ”，前者是后者的形式主语，而形式主语只能是 it ，因此必须把 that 改为 it 。
例 3
The teacher asked them who had completed their 1.__________
tests to leave the room as quietly as possible.
这句话看似没有错误，结果也十分完整，然而，它将代词宾格 them 与指示代词 those 的用法混淆了。因为一般来说，人称代词后面应该保留有修饰成分，如果保留 them ，那么这句话则必须改为： The teacher asked them to leave the room as quietly as possible. 这不符合修改的规则，故只能将 them 改为 those ，此时 those 作为指示代词，后面可以接有从句成分。
例 4
Western culture tends to ignore or take it for granted 1.__________
the non-verbal part of conversations, defining good
communication as " speaking well" .
本句中， it 作为形式主语，一般用于结构“ take it for granted that… ”，然而本句中没有出现从句，而只有名词短语“ the non-verbal part of conversation ”作为宾语，因此不需要形式宾语，应该将 it 删去。
通过上述例题可以发现，英语代词虽然数量不多，但是种类却不少，且各种代词有性、数、格、人称之别，必须在平时学习多注意总结和归纳，才可以正确的把握其用法。下面通过一些练习题来加深印象。
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（三）
[ 07/10/06 12:23 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:23 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
二、介词的使用错误
介词使用错误是改错题常见的错误类型之一。介词的用法是英语学习中的的一大难点，英语中有相当数量的动词短语、介词短语和固定短语都含有介词。尽管介词本身数量并不多，但是其搭配方式之丰富多变往往使英语考生为之色变。能否准确地运用介词可直接反映出考生的英语基础是否扎实，因此一般考试都会包括这种类型的错误。介词主要涉及用法与搭配，是短文改错中出现频率最高，也是我们最易失分的一类题型，要在这类题型的辨错及改错上有所突破，我们必须注意平时介词用法知识的积累。
为获得高分，在改错练习中，务必注意从以下几个方面辨认：①介词与动词的搭配，如： accuse sb. of ， charge sb. from ， prohibit sb. from ， differ from ， contribute to 等； ② 介词与名词的搭配，如： count on ， influence on/upon ， improve on ， belief/believe in ， confidence in ， advantage on ， preference over ， attitude to/toward ， solution to 等； ③ 介词与形容词的搭配，如： different from ， indifferent to/toward ， dependent on/upon ， independent of ， on good/bad terms with ， on the contrary ， by chance ， by turns 等。
例 1
The first necessity of child upbringing is a
secure emotional background with parents who
are united in their attitude with children. 1.__________
“ attitude toward ” 是表示 “ 对 …… 的态度 ” ，为固定用法，而没有 “ attitude with ” 的用法，因此应该将 with 改为 toward.
例 2
Unfortunately we have not found complete
solutions with the various problems of our 1.__________
society, such like poverty, homelessness or 2.__________
the growth of crime.
“ solution to problem ” 表示 “ 问题的解决办法 ” ，为固定搭配用法，因此应该将 with 改为介词 to ， “ such as ” 表示 “ 例如、诸如 ” 的意思，为固定搭配，因此应该将 like 改为 as 。
例 3
More and more people live in towns and cities
instead on farms and in villages. 1.__________
Instead 本身为副词，其后不可以直接接宾语，而应该在后面加上介词 of 。“ instead of ”表示“代替，不是……”的意思。
例 4
His Arab host, who had been watching, said
of nothing, but immediately copied the action of 1.__________
his guest.
动词 say 本身即为及物动词，后面可以直接接上宾语，因此不需要在后面加上介词 of 。这属于介词滥用情形，应该将 nothing 之前的 of 删去。
通过上述几个例子可以看出，介词的用法灵活多变，且许多为固定的用法或者搭配形式。要想真正克服这个拦路虎，我们需要在平时的学习过程中加以记忆和理解，逐步积累，才可以更好的掌握其用法。
【第二页】短文改错练习
二、介词的使用错误
介词使用错误是改错题常见的错误类型之一。介词的用法是英语学习中的的一大难点，英语中有相当数量的动词短语、介词短语和固定短语都含有介词。尽管介词本身数量并不多，但是其搭配方式之丰富多变往往使英语考生为之色变。能否准确地运用介词可直接反映出考生的英语基础是否扎实，因此一般考试都会包括这种类型的错误。介词主要涉及用法与搭配，是短文改错中出现频率最高，也是我们最易失分的一类题型，要在这类题型的辨错及改错上有所突破，我们必须注意平时介词用法知识的积累。
为获得高分，在改错练习中，务必注意从以下几个方面辨认：①介词与动词的搭配，如： accuse sb. of ， charge sb. from ， prohibit sb. from ， differ from ， contribute to 等； ② 介词与名词的搭配，如： count on ， influence on/upon ， improve on ， belief/believe in ， confidence in ， advantage on ， preference over ， attitude to/toward ， solution to 等； ③ 介词与形容词的搭配，如： different from ， indifferent to/toward ， dependent on/upon ， independent of ， on good/bad terms with ， on the contrary ， by chance ， by turns 等。
例 1
The first necessity of child upbringing is a
secure emotional background with parents who
are united in their attitude with children. 1.__________
“ attitude toward ” 是表示 “ 对 …… 的态度 ” ，为固定用法，而没有 “ attitude with ” 的用法，因此应该将 with 改为 toward.
例 2
Unfortunately we have not found complete
solutions with the various problems of our 1.__________
society, such like poverty, homelessness or 2.__________
the growth of crime.
“ solution to problem ” 表示 “ 问题的解决办法 ” ，为固定搭配用法，因此应该将 with 改为介词 to ， “ such as ” 表示 “ 例如、诸如 ” 的意思，为固定搭配，因此应该将 like 改为 as 。
例 3
More and more people live in towns and cities
instead on farms and in villages. 1.__________
Instead 本身为副词，其后不可以直接接宾语，而应该在后面加上介词 of 。“ instead of ”表示“代替，不是……”的意思。
例 4
His Arab host, who had been watching, said
of nothing, but immediately copied the action of 1.__________
his guest.
动词 say 本身即为及物动词，后面可以直接接上宾语，因此不需要在后面加上介词 of 。这属于介词滥用情形，应该将 nothing 之前的 of 删去。
通过上述几个例子可以看出，介词的用法灵活多变，且许多为固定的用法或者搭配形式。要想真正克服这个拦路虎，我们需要在平时的学习过程中加以记忆和理解，逐步积累，才可以更好的掌握其用法。
2007年12月英语六级备考-改错（二）
[ 07/10/06 12:16 | by admin ]
07/10/06 12:16 | by admin ]
【第一页】短文改错解析
【第二页】短文改错练习
错误类型
【第二页】短文改错练习
错误类型
1.逻辑表达错误 2.介词使用错误 3.代词使用错误 4.非谓语动词使用错误 5.主谓语前后不一致错误 6.名词的错误 7.代词使用错误 8.冠词的错误 9.句子结构的错误 10.时态语态和语气的使用错误 11.易混淆词的使用错误。
一、逻辑表达的错误
逻辑表达错误是由于某个词语使用不当而造成文章在语义上前后不一致或者矛盾的错误类型，具有难度大、不易发现的特点。这类错误往往需要在考生充分理解全文并具有较强的语言综合应用能力的基础上方可解答。一般来说，逻辑表达错误包括两种类型。
第一种是反义词的使用错误，常见的这类错误有：①派生反义词，如：encourage-discourage，load-unload，satisfy-dissatisfy等；②互补性反义词，如：dead-alive，boy-girl，man-woman，male-female，brother-sister，married-single等；③换位性反义词，如：buy-sell，give-receive，lend-borrow，husband-wife，parent-child，left-right等；④相对性反义词，如：easy-hard，big-small，cold-hot，old-young，wide-narrow，love-hate等；⑤按上下文语义，行中多用了not或no，或必须添上not或no。
第二种是连接词的使用错误，包括：①并列连词，如：and，but，for，or等；②主从连词，这类词较多，如：because，(al)though，if，unless，before，after，until，as，while，whereas等；③连接性副词，如：however，moreover，besides，nevertheless，then，thus等；④连接性介词，如：because of，despite，besides，instead of等。例1
Recently more and more attention has been focused
on the problem of preserving the environment.
The fact that a Government Ministry called the
Department of the Environment has been created
shows how unimportant the issue is considered to be. 1.__________
Many other countries have established similar organizations.
这段文章，所要表达的意思是：人们对环境问题的重视，并成立了环境部，从而意在说明环境这个问题是多么的重要。显而易见，该处的unimportant应该改为具有肯定意义的important。此处错误属于第一种，即反义词的使用错误。
例2
In our society all kinds of work are equally important.
For example, the work of a completely uneducated
farmer is in some sense more important than that of a
professor: we can live without education, so we die if we 1. __________
have no food. This is a simple truth that everybody
believes. Although no one cleaned our streets and took the 2. __________
rubbish away from our house, we would get terrible
diseases in our towns.
在这段文章，第一处要表达的意思是：农民的工作在某种程度上甚至比教授还重要，这是因为不受教育我们照样能活下去，但是没有食物我们却无法存活。因此应该将so改为but，这样才符合文章的逻辑。第二处错误，咋看似乎是一个让步从句，然而后文却毫无转折之意，其实它是一个条件式虚拟语句，应该将although改为if。这两处错误均属于逻辑表达错误中的第二种，即连接词使用错误。这类错误比较第一种错误来说，重在考查考生对英语语言的应用方面。
通过例题以及解答不难看出，逻辑错误主要是考查学生对整篇文章的理解，一般不容易第一眼便发现，只有我们读完全文或者上下文之后才可以把握。
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